GB/T 44093-2024Evaluation specification for student's athletic ability of volleyball course (English PDF)

3 Terms and definitions

3.1 student's athletic ability of volleyball course: the overall performance, formed in the learning, practice and competition activities of the volleyball course, in applying skills such as serving, setting, digging, spiking and blocking to complete specific tasks in a match.

3.2 dig: the technique of hitting the ball by which the incoming ball is actively met and rebounded from the contact surface formed by the forearms of the upper limbs, with the whole body working in a coordinated way.

3.3 pass: the technique of hitting the ball by which the strength of the upper limbs, the fingers and the wrists sends the ball to a given position, with the whole body working in a coordinated way.

3.4 serve: the technique by which the serving player, inside the service zone of the own team, throws the ball up and hits it over the net with one hand.

3.5 receive: the technique of taking up the ball sent by the opponent with the arms or with any other part of the body.

3.6 smash: the technique of hitting the ball by which an attacking player jumps and hits with one hand, into the opposing court, a ball in the air above the top of the net on the own side.

4 Grading and qualifying requirements

4.1 The athletic ability of students on the volleyball course is divided into six grades, one to six, the ability rising from grade one to grade six.

4.2.1 Grade one requires both the skill requirements of table 1 and the match requirements of table 2. Table 1 sets the single skills as self-dig and self-pass and the combined skill as continuous digging and passing against a wall, the qualifying requirement being not fewer than ten balls. Table 2 covers a small-court six against six match with observation points on technique (digging: able to dig up the ball thrown by the opponent; passing: correct hand shape with no held ball), tactics (reception tactics: correct reception position, moving according to the line of the incoming ball), physical condition (agility and coordination: quick reaction to the incoming ball, coordinated movement of upper and lower limbs) and mental qualities (cooperation: able to remind team-mates to get ready and to respond to their reminders). Three or more observation points are to meet the qualifying requirement, the winning side automatically gains one qualified observation point, and a pass requires both of the two assessors to judge the performance as qualified.

4.2.2 Grade two requires both table 3 and table 4. Table 3 sets the single skills as fixed-target passing and underhand serving and the combined skill as digging and passing while moving, the requirement being not fewer than six. Table 4 covers a full-court six against six match with observation points on digging (moving under the ball the opponent has played and digging it over the net or into a position suitable for a team-mate), passing (able to pass the ball up with the passing technique and no held ball), serving (able to serve over the net from behind the 6 m line), reception tactics (correct position on court and correct rotation), reaction and speed (quick reaction to the incoming ball and quick movement to the corresponding position) and defensive awareness (watching the digging and passing of team-mates, with the awareness and the movements needed to cover and to retrieve). Four or more observation points are to qualify, with the same rules on the winning side and the two assessors.

4.2.3 Grade three requires both table 5 and table 6. Table 5 sets the single skills as spiking a medium-high ball at position three and the front overhand serve, and the combined skill as a serve and dig combination; the qualifying requirement is not fewer than six for boys and not fewer than five for girls. Table 6 covers a full-court six against six match with observation points on serving (serving over the net with the correct technique, with a success rate above 50 %), reception of serve (digging the opponent's serve directly over the net or to a position near the own setter), passing (passing the ball to a team-mate so that the next hit can be made), attacking tactics (clear about one's own attacking duties), defensive tactics (able to defend actively against the opponent's attacking hits), explosive power and coordination (quick and powerful take-off, coordinated whole-body movement) and positional awareness (clear about the division of roles of the team on court and able to carry out one's own positional duties). Five or more observation points are to qualify.

4.2.4 Grade four requires both table 7 and table 8. Table 7 sets the single skills as spiking at position four and the front overhand float serve, and the combined skill as a pass and spike combination, with the same requirement of not fewer than six for boys and not fewer than five for girls. Table 8 covers a full-court six against six match with observation points on serving (correct technique over the net, with a certain attacking quality and a success rate above 50 %), reception of serve (the reception arriving in position, inside the attack line between position three and position two), spiking (able to spike a well-set ball into the opposing court), attacking tactics (able to use the centre-one-two attacking tactic), defensive tactics (clear about one's own defensive position and able to reach the ball), strength and speed (quick and powerful take-off for spiking and blocking, quick reaction and fast movement) and role switching (able to switch quickly between attack and defence according to the situation on court). Five or more observation points are to qualify.

4.2.5 Grade five requires both table 9 and table 10. Table 9 sets the single skills as spiking at position two and target serving and the combined skill as a reception and spike combination, with the same numerical requirements as grades three and four. Table 10 covers a full-court six against six match and adds to the previous observation points those on passing (the balls set to the attacking players being fairly steady, organising an effective attack with the passing technique) and blocking (having the awareness to block actively and blocking effectively), together with attacking tactics using the centre-one-two or the side-one-two system, defensive tactics, speed, strength and coordination, and cooperation and the ability to encourage team-mates. Six or more observation points are to qualify.

4.2.6 Grade six requires both table 11 and table 12. Table 11 sets the single skills as back-row attack spiking and the jump serve, the requirement being not fewer than six for boys and not fewer than five for girls, and the combined skill as a reception of spike and back-row spike combination, the requirement being not fewer than five for boys and not fewer than four for girls. Table 12 covers a full-court six against six match with observation points on serving with an attacking serve technique with a success rate above 50 %, reception of serve in position, organising an effective attack by passing, spiking a well-set ball into the opposing court, blocking alone and organising a two-player block effectively, using attacking and defensive tactics and formations correctly, physical condition covering speed, strength, coordination, agility and reaction, and team match awareness, that is carrying out the tactical division of roles correctly and cooperating to complete the match. Seven or more observation points are to qualify.

5 Evaluation of athletic ability

5.1.1 Self-dig. The test area is a 4.5 m by 6 m zone laid out for self-digging and self-passing; the equipment is a standard match ball complying with GB/T 22882 and a timer. Two assessors are needed: assessor one gives the start command and starts the timing, stops it after 1 min and announces the end of the test; assessor two records the number of digs meeting the requirement, digs lower than 1 m above the level of the arms not being counted, adjusting hits by passing or other techniques being allowed to keep the ball off the ground but not counted. The best of the individual's two attempts is taken. The person tested holds the ball in the test area, begins on the command, throws the ball up and then digs continuously with the front two-handed dig for 1 min, each dig rising more than 1 m above the level of the arms; the attempt ends when one foot leaves the test area completely or the ball touches the ground, and each person has two attempts.

5.1.2 Self-pass. The site and equipment are the same as for the self-dig test. Two assessors are needed, the second recording the number of passes meeting the requirement, passes lower than 0.5 m above the head not being counted and adjusting hits not being counted. The person tested throws the ball up and passes continuously with the front overhand pass for 1 min, each pass rising more than 0.5 m above the head; the attempt ends when one foot leaves the test area completely or the ball touches the ground, and each person has two attempts. The best of two attempts is taken.

5.1.3 Continuous digging and passing against a wall. The site is a flat wall surface more than 3 m high, the equipment a standard match ball complying with GB/T 22882. Two assessors are needed: the first gives the start and end commands and records the number of balls meeting the requirement, recording digs and passes separately; the second watches whether both feet cross the floor marking line completely, in which case that dig or pass is not counted in the total. The person tested stands outside or on the marking line and digs or passes against the wall more than ten times in succession, with not fewer than two of each technique; both feet may not cross the line 1.5 m from the wall completely and the dig or pass may not be lower than 2 m. Each person has two attempts and the best is taken.

5.1.4 Small-court six against six match. The site is a 9 m by 12 m area taken from a standard volleyball court with a net height of 2 m; the equipment is a standard match ball. Four assessors are needed, the first giving the start and end commands, assessors one and two observing and recording the qualifying performance of the six persons tested on their side of the court at each observation point and assessors three and four doing the same on the other side. The persons tested play a six against six match in the small court, two referees officiating with reference to the Volleyball Competition Rules 2021-2024; the latest international volleyball federation rules are used, together with the rally point system with rotating service, the ball being thrown over the net from behind the 3 m line, and the team first reaching 15 points in a single match winning. Each person has one attempt.

5.2.1 Fixed-target passing. The site is a standard volleyball court with a net height of 2 m; the equipment is a standard match ball and a target frame, a circle 1.2 m in diameter fixed upright at position four 1 m from the sideline and 0.5 m from the net, perpendicular to the net, with its lower edge 0.5 m above the top of the net. One assessor gives the start and end commands, watches whether the passes go through the target frame and records the number that do; a ball hitting the frame counts as through, and a pass in which the ball is held is not counted. The person tested stands in the middle in front of the net, throws the ball up and passes it with the front two-handed pass to the target frame at position four. One attempt is ten balls and each person has two attempts, the best being taken.

5.2.2 Underhand serving. The site is a standard volleyball court with a net height of 2 m and a service marking line drawn 6 m from the centre line; the equipment is a standard match ball. Two assessors are needed, the first giving the commands and watching for faults while requiring the underhand serve, the specific technique being free, and the second checking whether the ball lands inside the court and recording the number of valid balls. The person tested stands in the service zone behind the 6 m line and serves the ball over the top of the net with a side or front underhand serve, a ball landing in the opposing court counting as valid. One attempt is ten balls and each person has two attempts.

5.2.3 Digging and passing while moving. The site is a flat surface marked as a square with 3 m sides, two adjacent corners being marked A and B; the equipment is a standard match ball. Two assessors are needed: the first stands 3 m from point A at right angles, gives the commands and throws the ball to the person tested; the second stands 3 m from point B, throws the ball and records the number of balls successfully dug or passed back. The person tested starts at point A, digs the ball thrown by the assessor back to that assessor, then moves to point B 3 m away and passes the ball thrown by the other assessor back to that assessor; the ball returned is to reach the assessor without the assessor moving, and the person tested moves back and forth between A and B. One attempt is ten combinations and each person has two attempts.

5.2.4 to 5.6.4 The full-court six against six match is used at grades two to six with four assessors, the first giving the start and end commands and the assessors working in pairs to observe and record the qualifying observation points of the six persons tested on each side. At grade two the sides toss a coin to choose ends or the right to serve, the serve is made from behind the 6 m line, the rally point system with rotating service is used and the team first reaching 15 points wins. At grades three and four the winning score is 21 points and at grades five and six it is 25 points, the two referees officiating with reference to the Volleyball Competition Rules 2021-2024 and the latest international volleyball federation rules being used. Each person has one attempt.

5.3.1 Spiking a medium-high ball at position three. The site is a standard volleyball court with a net height of 2.15 m for girls and 2.35 m for boys. Two assessors are needed, the first giving the commands and throwing the ball in front of the net and the second watching whether the body touches the net or crosses the centre line before the ball lands, such balls being invalid, and recording the number of successful spikes. The person tested stands behind the 3 m line, watches the medium-high ball thrown or set by the setting assessor, runs up and jumps in good time and spikes the ball into the opposing court with the whole palm and a certain force, the trajectory of the spike being no higher than the point of release. One attempt is ten balls and each person has two attempts.

5.3.2 to 5.3.3 The front overhand serve uses the same site and equipment as the underhand serve of 5.2.2, the first assessor watching for faults and for stepping on the line or leaving the service zone and the second checking the landing point and recording the valid balls; the person tested stands behind the 6 m line and serves over the net with the front overhand serve, a ball landing inside the opposing court being valid, one attempt being ten balls. In the serve and dig combination a service marking line is drawn 6 m from the net on one side of the court; the first assessor gives the commands and watches whether the front overhand serve technique is used and whether the serve lands validly, and the second throws the ball to the person tested, watches the dig returned and records the valid balls, a valid combination being counted when the serve is valid and the dig arrives in position. The person tested serves to the opposing court with the front overhand serve from behind the 6 m line, then receives the ball thrown by the assessor at position three and digs it back to position three with the front two-handed dig. One attempt is ten combinations.

5.4.1 to 5.4.3 At grade four the net height is 2.15 m for girls and 2.35 m for boys. For spiking at position four the first assessor throws the ball from the setter position and the second checks that the spiked ball crosses above the net and lands inside the opposing court, recording the successes; the person tested stands ready at position four, judges the high ball thrown to that position, runs up, jumps and spikes it into the opposing court with the whole palm and a certain force, the trajectory being no higher than the point of release, a spike made from a standing jump or a ball for which the body touches the net or crosses the centre line before landing being invalid. For the front overhand float serve one side of the court is divided by marking tape into a front and a back zone; the person tested serves five balls to the front zone first and then five to the back zone, a ball landing in the given zone being valid. In the pass and spike combination the first assessor acts as setter and the second watches the validity of the pass and the spike, a valid combination requiring the spike to fall from above the net into the valid opposing court without the body touching the net or crossing the centre line on landing; the person tested throws the ball up, passes it to the setting assessor, judges the high ball set and spikes it into the opposing court. Each of these is ten balls or ten combinations per attempt, with two attempts.

5.5.1 to 5.5.3 At grades five and six the net height is 2.24 m for girls and 2.43 m for boys. For spiking at position two the first assessor sets the ball from the setter position and the second watches for both feet crossing the centre line and for net contact, recording the successes; the person tested stands at position one holding the ball, throws it to the setting assessor at position three, judges the high ball set to position two, moves quickly, steps in, jumps and spikes, a ball landing inside the opposing court without net contact or crossing of the centre line being valid. For target serving one side of the court is divided by marking tape into three zones, zone one from the 4 m line to the centre line and zones two and three formed by dividing the area from the 4 m line to the end line in two; the person tested serves four balls to zone one and three each to zones two and three, ten in all, the serving technique being free and the ball having to cross the net and land in the given zone. In the reception and spike combination three assessors are needed, the first serving from the opposing court, the second setting from the setter position and the third giving the commands and watching whether the reception and the pass are valid and whether the spike is made with a step-in jump; the person tested stands at position six, receives the serve and digs or passes it to the setting assessor, then judges the line of the set, moves quickly, steps in, jumps and spikes, a ball landing in the opposing court without a fault being valid. One attempt is ten balls and each person has two attempts.

5.6.1 to 5.6.3 For the back-row attack spike the first assessor sets from the setter position and the second gives the commands, watches the take-off point and records the successes; the person tested chooses two of positions five, six and one, and, judging the line of the ball set or thrown by the setting assessor, takes off behind the attack line and completes a back-row attack spike, five at each of the two chosen positions. For the jump serve the person tested stands in the service zone, runs up, throws the ball high with one or both hands, takes off from outside the end line and hits the ball over the net in the air; with no fault of stepping on the line, a ball landing in the opposing court is valid. In the reception of spike and back-row spike combination three assessors are needed, the first spiking from a raised platform, the second setting and the third giving the commands and watching the reception and the back-row attack spike, a valid combination requiring the reception to arrive in position and the back-row spike to be valid; the person tested stands behind the 3 m line, receives the spike made by the assessor from the raised platform at position four of the opposing court, digs the ball to the setting assessor at position three, judges the line of the set, runs up, steps in, jumps and spikes. Each attempt is ten balls or ten combinations, with two attempts and the best taken.