GB/T 43992-2024Specification for construction service quality evaluation of urban luminous environment (English PDF)

3 Terms and definitions

3.1 urban luminous environment: the collective name for the functional lighting and the landscape lighting at night of outdoor public spaces, buildings and structures and other scenery.

3.2 functional lighting: lighting that safeguards the movement of people and outdoor activity by artificial light. 3.3 landscape lighting: lighting that shapes the night landscape of the city by artificial light, including decorative lighting and lighting scenery.

3.4 lighting facilities: the lighting appliances, distribution installations, control systems, pipes and cables, lamp poles, working pits and other ancillary installations used for lighting.

3.5 lighting control system: a system made up of computers, display equipment, control software, a communication network and centralised controllers distributed at the lighting installations, which controls the luminaires remotely over a dedicated channel or over a public network with an encryption mechanism, and which has functions such as data acquisition, analysis and processing, monitoring, control, fault alarm, programme editing and system and task management.

4 General requirements

4.1 The construction service for the urban luminous environment is to include requirements on the process of the service and requirements on its results, or one of the two.

4.2 The quality evaluation is to aim at whole life cycle management and at raising the quality of the result, shaping an urban luminous environment that is safe, efficient, low in carbon and saving of energy.

4.3 to 4.4 The party organising the evaluation may include, but is not limited to, the industry management unit, the construction management unit and the funding unit; the evaluation may take the form of self-evaluation or of third-party evaluation.

4.5 Village and town lighting is to be carried out according to GB/T 40995 and evaluated according to this document.

5 Requirements for the construction service process

5.1 Project initiation. The management unit of the urban luminous environment may initiate a project, which is to satisfy the urban lighting plan or the examination of the urban luminous environment. The initiation stage is to identify the project management unit, the investment body and the source of funds, and should provide the initiation documents and feasibility study report required locally, which are to pass the corresponding examination, filing or approval. For projects in key areas or for key projects, the initiation requirements are to add a demonstration of the reasonableness, the necessity and the sustainability of the project. Experts or specialist bodies may be brought in at the initiation stage to support the decision by demonstration, research, consultation and testing.

5.2 Planning and design. The urban lighting plan is to be prepared according to CJJ/T 307 by a planning unit holding planning qualifications. The design scheme is to state the design positioning, to explain how it conforms to policy and to the plan, and to describe the measures controlling high energy consumption, light pollution and excessive lighting. The design content is to propose, for the expected effect and according to the different lighting methods, quantified indicators for illuminance or luminance, colour temperature and dynamic effects, together with product solutions able to reach those indicators. The design is to avoid affecting the daytime landscape and to provide a reasonable cost estimate with the basis on which it was prepared. Scheme approval is to strengthen planning and design control and should use digital aids.

5.3 Procurement of installations. The purchasing unit is to set up a procurement management system defining responsibility for the procurement of installations and the management of materials, to determine the procurement management flow and the construction unit, to lay down management and control procedures and methods, and to establish a ledger mechanism for the procurement, acceptance, custody, marking, issue, recovery and disposal of non-conforming materials. It is to draw up a procurement plan matched to the design and construction progress, determining the purchase batch and the best time of supply; the plan is to be examined by the departments concerned and approved by an authorised person before it is carried out, and is to be changed as prescribed when necessary. Products are to be bought according to the parameters set by the design unit, preference being given to products holding Chinese energy conservation certification or green building material product certification, and the supplier is to submit evidence of its ability to perform, namely qualification documents, warranty documents, product specifications and certificates of conformity, together with third-party test reports on optical effect and on safety, as the basis for evaluating the suitability of the product. Before procurement the construction unit is to evaluate the luminaires on the basis of those third-party test reports and of the requirements set by the design unit. The supplying unit is to provide the materials required by the procurement contract, to cooperate with sample testing and to deliver on time. The construction unit is to organise a centralised lamp trial on site, and the design unit is to help confirm the effect and to seal samples of the luminaires that pass.

5.4 Site implementation. The implementation flow may be divided into a preparatory stage, an installation stage, a commissioning stage and a trial run stage. In the preparatory stage a project progress plan is prepared according to the contract, covering explanatory notes, the progress schedule, resource needs and progress safeguards; the installation works are re-measured against the actual site conditions, which includes discussion of the installation scheme, the preparation of special construction schemes, the drawing of detailed construction drawings, joint review by the disciplines and the making and verification of samples; a sample section trial is run to confirm the effect, the mounting structure and safety, and construction may begin only after the four parties, that is the construction, design, supervision and contracting units, have inspected and passed it; the main incoming equipment and materials are inspected and submitted for approval according to the goods entry flow, with the certificate of conformity, the third-party test report and the CCC certification for products in the compulsory scope or the CQC certification for products in the voluntary scope; and luminaires arriving in large batches are sampled, the proportion being increased and the sampling repeated for items that fail, with the replacement of products that do not meet the requirements. In the installation stage the work follows GB 50303, GB 50617, GB 50168 and CJJ 89, and the change process, change schemes and change results are recorded and kept as the whole-process management of the project requires. In the commissioning stage the construction unit prepares a special commissioning scheme before commissioning so as to avoid light pollution; the circuits of the lighting distribution boxes, the marking of the luminaire circuits and the control of the supply and distribution are to agree with the design and the related indications are to work normally; and the dimmable LED luminaires are commissioned for dimming, colour change and dynamic variation by a combination of hardware and software, the result meeting the design. In the trial run stage the construction unit organises a single-machine trial run before the quality acceptance, and the construction unit organises, coordinates and directs the interlocked and load trial run and approves the trial run scheme; while the equipment is running there is to be no safety accident and the requirements for energised trial running of GB 50303, GB 50617, GB 50618 and CJJ 89 are to be met. Site implementation is to determine the policy and objectives of production safety management, to set up a system of responsibility for production safety in the project and to comply with GB 50656, JGJ/T 77, JGJ 59 and JGJ 146.

5.5 Closing out. Completion acceptance is organised by the construction unit with the design, construction and supervision units taking part; where the works are to be handed over to a receiving unit, the construction unit is to notify that unit to take part. Acceptance is to meet GB 50303, GB 50617, GB 50168 and CJJ 89; the quality acceptance of multifunction lamp poles and similar works is to meet the relevant national and industry standards; the control system and the equipment room are to comply with GB 50174 and CJJ/T 227, the intelligent integration system with GB 50339 and the information security safeguards with GB/T 22239. Once acceptance is passed the parties are to sign and seal the record together before the works are handed over for use, and for the intelligent control system and special equipment the construction unit is to write an operating manual and give the necessary training. After completion acceptance the construction unit is to submit the completion settlement report and the full settlement material as the contract provides, including the settlement statement, the contract documents, the as-built drawings, the site instructions and the measurement tables, and to cooperate with the settlement audit; the final account is settled at the price finally determined by the audit report of the examining department. The project enters the warranty period on the day it passes completion acceptance, the period being that agreed in the contract or, where the contract is silent, not shorter than the relevant national standard, and during it the construction unit is to perform its warranty duties and keep the installations running safely and normally. The collection, sorting, preparation, classification and filing of records by the construction unit are to comply with GB/T 50328; during implementation the construction unit is to collect the preparatory documents, supervision documents, construction documents, construction drawings and completion acceptance documents, and after acceptance is to file the records of the initiation, planning and design, procurement, site implementation and closing-out stages.

6 Requirements for the results of the construction service

6.1 Safety. Luminaire safety is to comply with GB 7000.1 and the corresponding product specifications, and electromagnetic compatibility with GB/T 17743, GB 17625.1, GB/T 17625.2 and GB/T 18595; other installations are to comply with the safety specifications of the relevant products. The installation and acceptance of landscape lighting luminaires are to meet GB 50303 and those of road lighting luminaires CJJ 89. Information security is to meet GB/T 22239, and other safety requirements the relevant standards.

6.2 Energy saving. The lighting power density of building facades is not to be greater than the value laid down in JGJ/T 163. For functional lighting the lighting indicators and the power density are to meet CJJ 45 and related specifications; for retrofit projects replacing traditional light sources with LED luminaires, on top of meeting CJJ 45, the energy saving rate under the same mode is not to be lower than 40 %, and for retrofit projects replacing LED sources of the same kind it is not to be lower than 20 %. An effective mechanism for saving energy and lowering carbon emissions is to be set up, with monitoring and statistical analysis of the energy consumption of the project. The energy efficiency class of landscape lighting LED luminaires is to meet GB/T 39237 and that of functional lighting LED luminaires GB 37478; new low-carbon and energy-saving techniques and products should be preferred, and in cities rich in solar or wind energy those renewable sources may be used to power the lighting. Mode combinations are to be set for ordinary days, weekends and ordinary festivals and major holidays; a basic manual control function is to be provided; for centrally controlled projects the control system is to meet requirements of high reliability, high transmission accuracy and reserved interfaces and should have mode switching and content distribution functions; and where conditions allow, the control system should use intelligent control techniques such as centralised and remote intelligent control, single-lamp feedback, control by time, zone and level, and sensing and light control.

6.3 Light quality. The average illuminance, average luminance, overall uniformity and glare of road lighting are to comply with CJJ 45, and the average illuminance and other parameters of public activity areas such as parks and squares with JGJ/T 163. Lighting of the facades of buildings and structures is to meet the following: the lighting theme matches the positioning and development needs of the city and the surrounding environment; the illuminance or luminance, the light colour, the dynamic effects and other lighting effects meet the plan and the design; obtrusive light complies with GB/T 35626; and for projects with played content, the content complies with the management rules and is played smoothly and in time synchronisation, with no dropped frames or loss of pixel control. The installation of luminaires is not to spoil the daytime landscape.

6.4 Benefits. The luminous environment project is to provide a city environment that is safe, comfortable and orderly, to encourage the night activity of citizens by increasing the time and widening the range of that activity, and to drive night sightseeing and raise commercial vitality.

7 Method of evaluating construction service quality

7.1 The quality evaluation takes two forms, the overall evaluation and the single evaluation. The overall evaluation consists of the process evaluation and the result evaluation together; the single evaluation is the process evaluation or the result evaluation carried out on its own. For an overall evaluation the weights may be set at 50 % for the process evaluation and 50 % for the result evaluation. The flow is: choose the class of evaluation, that is process, result or overall; score the sub-items according to tables 2 to 10 to obtain the sub-item scores; calculate the single score by formula (1); have the evaluation group determine the weight coefficient of each single evaluation; and calculate the total score by formula (2). In the legend of formula (1) the single score is the sum of the sub-item scores, the index running over the items; in the legend of formula (2) the total score is obtained from the single scores and their weight coefficients, the coefficients being set by the expert group and summing to one. The scoring table of annex A is to be filled in.

7.1.4 to 7.1.5 Table 1 divides the quality into four classes by the total score: below 60 points, not conforming; from 60 points up to and including 70 points, conforming; above 70 points up to and including 85 points, good; above 85 points up to and including 100 points, excellent. Where any sub-item fails to meet the requirement the result of the evaluation is to be not conforming.

7.2 The process evaluation is made up of five single evaluations, each scored from its own table, the sum of the sub-item scores being the single score. Table 2 scores project initiation over five items, project initiation, the construction body, the initiation documents, scientific decision-making and quality safeguards, for a total of 100 points. Table 3 scores planning and design over six items, plan preparation, the creative concept, technical realisation, the effect on the daytime scene, economic calculation and the means of approval, for a total of 100 points. Table 4 scores the procurement of installations over the process and system, product suitability, the supply of materials and cooperation with testing, and the lamp trial, each worth 25 points. Table 5 scores site implementation over nine items, from the acceptance units and the preparatory work through sample section confirmation, the quality documents of the main incoming equipment and materials, luminaire sampling, quality management during construction, the commissioning scheme, the trial run scheme and the production safety scheme, for a total of 100 points. Table 6 scores the closing out over seven items, from the acceptance of the lighting distribution installations and the safety, trial run and effect of the installations through the control and intelligent systems, training and the operating manual, the settlement records, warranty period management and document management, for a total of 100 points. Several of these sub-items are marked as not conforming rather than scored when the basic condition is not met, for instance where there are quality defects in the construction, where a production safety system has not been set up or a safety accident has occurred, or where confidential documents have not been kept confidential.

7.3 The result evaluation is made up of four single evaluations. Table 7 scores safety over the product safety test report, the installation safety acceptance report together with the graded protection test report, and the information security acceptance report, worth 40, 40 and 20 points; where information security is not involved, or where there are other safety requirements, the standard scores may be adjusted. Table 8 scores energy saving over the energy consumption requirement, that is the actual power density and the mechanism for saving energy and lowering carbon emissions, the product energy efficiency class and the use of new techniques and products, and the control requirements, that is the modes, manual control, centralised control and the use of intelligent control. Table 9 scores light quality, one of the first three items being chosen according to the type of project, that is road lighting, park and square lighting or building facade lighting, each worth 80 points, and the fourth item, the daytime scene, worth 20 points being added to it. Table 10 scores the benefits over the night environment, worth 40 points, night activity, worth 30 points, and commercial spending, worth 30 points.

7.4 The evaluation report is to contain a brief description of the project, the composition of the evaluation group, the list of the material evaluated together with the material itself, the evaluation tables and the quality class, and suggestions for improvement. The results are then handled by class: a result of not conforming calls for rectification within a set time, the period normally being agreed between the construction unit and the organiser of the evaluation; a result of conforming or good may lead to improvement measures determined according to the conditions; and a result of excellent may be listed as a demonstration project.

Annex A (normative) gives the overall scoring table for the construction service quality of the urban luminous environment. It records the project name and date, the class of evaluation, the basic evaluation units, the sub-item scores, the single score, the weight coefficient of each single evaluation, the product of the two and any remarks, for the five process evaluations and the four result evaluations, and finally the total score, with the signatures of the expert evaluation group. Note 1 states that the sum of the weight coefficients is one, and note 2 that the ratio of the highest to the lowest weight coefficient among the whole-process management evaluation and the result quality evaluation should not exceed 2.5.