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GB/T 42841-2023Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Assessment and management of human cold and heat stress (English PDF)

热环境的人类工效学人体冷热应激评估与管理

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Issued by

State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

August 6, 2023

Implementation date

August 6, 2023

Scope

GB/T 42841-2023 is the English-translated version of 热环境的人类工效学人体冷热应激评估与管理.

GB/T 42841-2023 — This document. ---Describes a strategy for assessing and explaining risks of physiological limitations or discomfort when a person works in a given climate environment; ---Proposes strategies and practical tools for assessing and managing cold risks in the workplace; ---Proposed the conditions and conditions for evaluating heat loss based on the measurement of physiological parameters such as human body core temperature, skin temperature, heart rate and weight loss. method; ---Specifies methods for analyzing, evaluating and explaining the heat stress experienced by the human body in a thermal environment, and predicting the sweat rate of the human body under working conditions and core temperature; ---Specifies the evaluation methods and strategies for cold stress when the human body is exposed to cold environments; ---Provides recommendations for the safety of humans exposed to extreme thermal environments, helping those responsible for such risks to cope with different situations. determine the level of medical supervision under the circumstances; ---Specifies the estimation of heat transfer characteristics of clothing suits (dry) under steady-state conditions based on known clothing thermal resistance values of clothing, suits and textiles Heat loss and evaporation heat loss resistance) method; the effects of body movement and air penetration on thermal resistance and water vapor resistance were studied.

This document applies to. ---Heat stress evaluation at any operating temperature; ---Risk assessment for indoor and outdoor cold places, but not applicable to diving situations or other types of work performed underwater; ---Thermal damage evaluation based on physiological indicators for working conditions in the fields of ergonomics, industrial hygiene and other fields; ---Evaluation of low temperature stress under conditions of continuous exposure, intermittent exposure, and occasional exposure in indoor and outdoor working environments, not applicable Specific impacts related to certain meteorological conditions (e.g. precipitation, including rain, snow, ice) that are evaluated using other methods; ---Medical supervision in experimental settings and in occupations requiring exposure to extreme heat environments, addressing the expectations of the population under both conditions an assessment should be made for heat stress, but the arrangements for medical supervision will be slightly different for different situations; ---Evaluate the impact of human movement and clothing breathability on thermal resistance and breathability resistance.

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Document preview — GB/T 42841-2023

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 13.180
Classification: A 25

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

Preface
1 Scope
2 Normative reference documents
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Symbols
5 Risk assessment strategies to prevent heat stress or discomfort in the work environment
5.1 General
5.2 The concept of evaluation strategy
5.3 Phase 1.Observational Assessment
5.4 Phase 2.Analytical Assessment
5.5 Phase 3.Expertise-Based Assessment
6 Cold workplaces – risk assessment and management
6.1 General
6.2 Assessment and Management Strategies
6.3 Cold risk assessment and management practices
7 Thermal damage assessment based on physiological index measurements
7.1 General
7.2 Core temperature measurement (tcr)
7.3 Skin temperature measurement (tsk)
7.4 Thermal damage assessment based on heart rate (HR)
7.5 Physiological strain assessment of body mass loss (deltamsw) due to sweating
8 Determining and explaining heat stress through computational analysis for predicting heat damage
8.1 General
8.2 Principles of evaluation methods
8.3 Main calculation steps
8.4 Required Sweat Rate Explanation
9 Determine and explain cold stress using essential clothing thermal resistance (IREQ) and local cold effects
9.1 General
9.2 Principles of evaluation methods
9.3 Whole body cooling
9.4 Local cooling
9.5 Practical evaluation and explanation of cold environment
10 Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme heat or cold
10.1 General
10.2 Overview
10.3 Ergonomic investigation
10.4 Occupational exposure
11 Estimation of clothing thermal resistance and water vapor resistance
11.1 Overview
11.2 Use of standards
11.3 Estimating the thermal resistance of clothing based on the thermal resistance table and measurements of the standing warm-up dummy
11.4 Estimation of clothing area coefficient
11.5 Estimation of thermal resistance of the air layer (boundary layer) on the outer surface of clothing
11.6 Estimation of water vapor resistance
11.7 Effects of human movement and air flow on clothing thermal resistance and water vapor resistance
11.8 Other factors affecting the thermal resistance of clothing
Appendix A (informative) Examples of heat or discomfort precautions
Appendix B (Informative) Checklist for identifying cold-related problems at work
Appendix C (informative) Analysis of issues related to cold
Appendix D (Informative) Cold Environment Operation Planning and Management Guide
Appendix E (informative) Cold environment working health questionnaire
Appendix F (Informative) Assessment and Management of Cold Environment Operations in Indoor Work---Example from Food Processing Industry
Appendix G (informative) Comparison of physiological assessment methods of thermal injury
Appendix H (Informative) Measurement Technology
Appendix I (informative) Limits of physiological parameters of thermal damage
Appendix J (Normative) Data necessary for calculation of thermal balance
Appendix K (informative) Criteria for evaluating acceptable exposure times in high-temperature working environments
Appendix L (informative) Metabolic rate
Appendix M (informative) Heat transfer characteristics of clothing
Appendix N (informative) Computer program and solution example for calculating and predicting thermal damage model
Appendix O (Normative) Heat Balance Calculation
Appendix P (Informative) Physiological Guidelines for Cold Exposure
Appendix Q (informative) Metabolic rate and thermal characteristics of clothing
Appendix R (informative) IREQ evaluation example
Appendix S (informative) Determination of wind chill temperature
Appendix T (informative) Determination and interpretation of cold stress application software using required clothing thermal resistance (IERQ) and local cold effects
Appendix U (informative) Basic ergonomic principles when volunteers may feel discomfort
Appendix V (Informative) Medical Effects of Exposure to Cold and Heat
Appendix W (informative) Medical supervision in extreme high temperature environments in laboratories
Appendix X (informative) Medical supervision in extreme low temperature environments in laboratories
Appendix Y (informative) Practical needs for medical supervision in laboratory environments or environments where volunteers are infrequently exposed
Appendix Z (informative) Occupational exposure to intense heat and cold
Appendix AA (Normative) Thermal resistance value of clothing suit
Appendix BB (Normative) Thermal resistance value of a single piece of clothing
Appendix CC (Normative) Clothing breathability index value
Appendix DD (informative) Body-warming dummy to measure clothing thermal resistance and water vapor resistance
Appendix EE (Informative) Human Experiment on Clothing Thermal Resistance and Water Vapor Resistance
Appendix FF (informative) Different expressions of clothing thermal resistance
Appendix GG (informative) Heat transfer estimation of reflective clothing
Appendix HH (informative) Guidelines for determination of covered body surface area
Reference

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents" Drafting.

This document refers to ISO 15265:2004 "Ergonomics of thermal environments. Risk assessment for the prevention of heat stress or discomfort in work environments" Strategy" (see Chapter 5), ISO 15743:2008 "Ergonomics of thermal environments Risk assessment and management of cold workplaces" (see Chapter 6), ISO 9886:2004 "Ergonomics Thermal Damage Assessment Based on Physiological Index Measurements" (see Chapter 7), ISO 7933:2004 "Ergonomics of Thermal Environments to Determine and Explain Heat Stress through Computational Analysis to Predict Thermal Damage" (see Chapter 8), ISO 11079:2007 "Thermal Environmental ergonomics using essential clothing thermal resistance (IREQ) and local cold effects to determine and explain cold stress" (see Chapter 9), ISO 12894:2001 Ergonomics of thermal environments Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme heat or cold (see Chapter 10) and ISO 9920:2009 "Estimation of Thermal Resistance and Water Vapor Resistance of Ergonomic Clothing in Thermal Environments" (see Chapter 11) 7 international standards were drafted, one the degree of consistency is not equivalent.

Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.

1 Scope

This document.

---Describes a strategy for assessing and explaining risks of physiological limitations or discomfort when a person works in a given climate environment;

---Proposes strategies and practical tools for assessing and managing cold risks in the workplace;

---Proposed the conditions and conditions for evaluating heat loss based on the measurement of physiological parameters such as human body core temperature, skin temperature, heart rate and weight loss.

method;

---Specifies methods for analyzing, evaluating and explaining the heat stress experienced by the human body in a thermal environment, and predicting the sweat rate of the human body under working conditions and core temperature;

---Specifies the evaluation methods and strategies for cold stress when the human body is exposed to cold environments;

---Provides recommendations for the safety of humans exposed to extreme thermal environments, helping those responsible for such risks to cope with different situations.

determine the level of medical supervision under the circumstances;

---Specifies the estimation of heat transfer characteristics of clothing suits (dry) under steady-state conditions based on known clothing thermal resistance values of clothing, suits and textiles Heat loss and evaporation heat loss resistance) method; the effects of body movement and air penetration on thermal resistance and water vapor resistance were studied.

This document applies to.

---Heat stress evaluation at any operating temperature;

---Risk assessment for indoor and outdoor cold places, but not applicable to diving situations or other types of work performed underwater;

---Thermal damage evaluation based on physiological indicators for working conditions in the fields of ergonomics, industrial hygiene and other fields;

---Evaluation of low temperature stress under conditions of continuous exposure, intermittent exposure, and occasional exposure in indoor and outdoor working environments, not applicable Specific impacts related to certain meteorological conditions (e.g. precipitation, including rain, snow, ice) that are evaluated using other methods;

---Medical supervision in experimental settings and in occupations requiring exposure to extreme heat environments, addressing the expectations of the population under both conditions an assessment should be made for heat stress, but the arrangements for medical supervision will be slightly different for different situations;

---Evaluate the impact of human movement and clothing breathability on thermal resistance and breathability resistance.

2 Normative reference documents

The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, the dated quotations for undated referenced documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 18048-2008 Determination of ergonomic metabolic rate in thermal environments GB/T 40233-2021 Ergonomic physical quantity measuring instruments for thermal environments GB/T 40288-2021 Ergonomic terms and symbols for thermal environments fabricstoair) ISO 13732-3:2005 Ergonomics of thermal environments. Methods for evaluation of reactions to surfaces in contact with the human body. Part 3: Cold surfaces (Er-withsurfaces-Part 3: Coldsurfaces)

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 191 pages — is available in the English PDF.

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