GB/T 37421-2019Thermal spraying - Characterization and testing of thermally sprayed coatings (English PDF)

Foreword

This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This standard uses the redrafting method to modify and adopt ISO 14923:2003 Thermal spraying - Characterization and testing of thermally sprayed coatings.

The technical differences between this standard and ISO 14923:2003 and their reasons are as follows:

- for ease of use, technical adjustments have been made to the normative references to adapt them to the technical conditions of China; the adjustments are reflected collectively in Clause 2 "Normative references", and Annex A gives a table of the specific adjustments to the normative references.

This standard was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.

This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Metallic and Non-metallic Coatings of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 57).

Drafting organizations of this standard: Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Zhongkuang Dazheng Surface Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan Advanced Surface Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Hengda Hi-Tech Co., Ltd., Tongxiang Tiesheng Line Equipment Co., Ltd., Wuhan Xinhuafeng Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology, Ma'anshan Shuntai Rare Earth New Material Co., Ltd., Dongguan Eontec Co., Ltd.

1 Scope

This standard provides guidance on the characterization and testing of thermally sprayed coatings. Since all fusible materials can be used for thermal spraying, and there are many different thermal spraying processes, a large number of different types of coatings exist; it is therefore not possible to describe all coatings in detail in this standard.

This standard lists the common test methods and test specifications for thermal spraying. This standard does not deal with test methods that are applicable only to certain specific situations or that are carried out under laboratory conditions.

Note: This standard does not cover all methods.

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 230.1 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (GB/T 230.1-2018, ISO 6508-1:2016, MOD)

GB/T 351 Measurement method of electrical resistivity of metallic materials (GB/T 351-1995, eqv IEC 60468:1974)

GB/T 1410 Methods of test for volume resistivity and surface resistivity of solid electrical insulating materials (GB/T 1410-2006, IEC 60093:1980, IDT)

GB/T 3505 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters (GB/T 3505-2009, ISO 4287:1997, IDT)

GB/T 4340.1 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1: Test method (GB/T 4340.1-2009, ISO 6507-1:2005, MOD)

GB/T 4340.2 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines (GB/T 4340.2-2012, ISO 6507-2:2005, MOD)

GB/T 4340.3 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks (GB/T 4340.3-2012, ISO 6507-3:2005, MOD)

GB/T 4956 Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates - Measurement of coating thickness - Magnetic method (GB/T 4956-2003, ISO 2178:1982, IDT)

GB/T 4957 Non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic basis metals - Measurement of coating thickness - Eddy current method (GB/T 4957-2003, ISO 2360:1982, IDT)

GB/T 5210 Paints and varnishes - Pull-off test for adhesion (GB/T 5210-2006, ISO 4624:2002, IDT)

GB/T 5990 Refractory materials - Test method for thermal conductivity (hot-wire method) (GB/T 5990-2006, ISO 8894-1:1986, MOD)

GB/T 6062 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Nominal characteristics of contact (stylus) instruments (GB/T 6062-2009, ISO 3274:1996, IDT)

GB/T 6462 Metallic and oxide coatings - Measurement of coating thickness - Microscopical method (GB/T 6462-2005, ISO 1463:2003, IDT)

GB/T 6463 Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Review of methods of measurement of thickness (GB/T 6463-2005, ISO 3882:2003, IDT)

GB/T 6465 Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Corrodkote corrosion test (CORR test) (GB/T 6465-2008, ISO 4541:1978, IDT)

GB/T 8642 Thermal spraying - Determination of tensile adhesive strength (GB/T 8642-2002, ISO 14916:1999, MOD)

GB/T 9789 Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Sulfur dioxide corrosion test under general condensation conditions (GB/T 9789-2008, ISO 6988:1985, IDT)

GB/T 9790 Metallic coatings and other related coatings - Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests (GB/T 9790-1988, neq ISO 4516:1980)

GB/T 9793 Thermal spraying - Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Zinc, aluminium and their alloys (GB/T 9793-2012, ISO 2063:2005, IDT)

GB/T 10064 Test methods for the determination of the insulation resistance of solid insulating materials (GB/T 10064-2006, IEC 60167:1964, IDT)

GB/T 10125 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (GB/T 10125-2012, ISO 9227:2006, IDT)

GB/T 10295 Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties - Heat flow meter apparatus (GB/T 10295-2008, ISO 8301:1991, IDT)

GB/T 10581 Test methods for insulation resistance and resistivity of insulating materials at elevated temperatures (GB/T 10581-2006, IEC 60345:1971, IDT)

GB/T 11378 Metallic coatings - Measurement of coating thickness - Profilometric method (GB/T 11378-2005, ISO 4518:1980, IDT)

GB/T 12334 Metallic and other non-organic coatings - Definitions and conventions concerning the measurement of thickness (GB/T 12334-2001, ISO 2064:1996, IDT)

GB/T 12608 Thermal spraying - Wires, rods and cords for flame and arc spraying - Classification and technical supply conditions (GB/T 12608-2003, ISO 14919:2000, IDT)

GB/T 18719 Thermal spraying - Terminology, classification (GB/T 18719-2002, ISO 14917:1999, MOD)

GB/T 18778.1 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Surfaces having stratified functional properties - Part 1: Filtering and general measurement conditions (GB/T 18778.1-2002, eqv ISO 13565-1:1996)

GB/T 18778.2 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Surfaces having stratified functional properties - Part 2: Height characterization using the linear material ratio curve (GB/T 18778.2-2003, ISO 13565-2:1996, IDT)

GB/T 18851.1 Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 1: General principles (GB/T 18851.1-2012, ISO 3452-1:2008, IDT)

GB/T 19352.1 Thermal spraying - Quality requirements for thermally sprayed structures - Part 1: Guidance for selection and use (GB/T 19352.1-2003, ISO 14922-1:1999, IDT)

GB/T 19352.2 Thermal spraying - Quality requirements for thermally sprayed structures - Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements (GB/T 19352.2-2003, ISO 14922-2:1999, IDT)

GB/T 19352.3 Thermal spraying - Quality requirements for thermally sprayed structures - Part 3: Standard quality requirements (GB/T 19352.3-2003, ISO 14922-3:1999, IDT)

GB/T 19352.4 Thermal spraying - Quality requirements for thermally sprayed structures - Part 4: Elementary quality requirements (GB/T 19352.4-2003, ISO 14922-4:1999, IDT)

GB/T 19356 Thermal spraying - Powders - Composition and technical supply conditions (GB/T 19356-2003, ISO 14232:2000, MOD)

GB/T 20018 Metallic and non-metallic coatings - Measurement of coating thickness - Beta backscatter method (GB/T 20018-2005, ISO 3543:2000, IDT)

GB/T 21838.1 Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 1: Test method (GB/T 21838.1-2008, ISO 14577-1:2002, MOD)

GB/T 21838.2 Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines (GB/T 21838.2-2008, ISO 14577-2:2002, MOD)

GB/T 21838.3 Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks (GB/T 21838.3-2008, ISO 14577-3:2002, MOD)

GB/T 25995 Test methods for density and apparent porosity of fine ceramics (GB/T 25995-2010, ISO 18754:2003, MOD)

GB/T 30707 Test method for adhesion of fine ceramic coatings - Scratch method (GB/T 30707-2014, ISO 20502:2005, MOD)

GB/T 31563 Metallic coatings - Measurement of coating thickness - Scanning electron microscope method (GB/T 31563-2015, ISO 9220:1988, MOD)

ISO 3868 Metallic and other non-organic coatings - Measurement of coating thickness - Fizeau multiple-beam interferometry method

EN 821-2 Advanced technical ceramics - Monolithic ceramics - Thermo-physical properties - Part 2: Determination of thermal diffusivity by the laser flash (or heat pulse) method

EN 993-14 Methods of testing dense shaped refractory products - Part 14: Determination of thermal conductivity by the hot-wire (cross-array) method

ENV 1071-1 Advanced technical ceramics - Methods of test for ceramic coatings - Part 1: Determination of coating thickness by contact probe profilometer

EN 1071-2 Advanced technical ceramics - Methods of test for ceramic coatings - Part 2: Determination of coating thickness by the crater grinding method

ENV 1159-2 Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Thermophysical properties - Part 2: Determination of thermal diffusivity

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 18719 and the following apply.

4 Preparation of coatings