GB/T 30114.6-2014Terminology for space science and applications - Part 6: Space medicine (English PDF)

Foreword

GB/T 30114 "term space science and its applications" is divided into eight sections.

--- Part 1. General basis;

--- Part 2. Space Physics;

--- Part 3. space astronomy;

--- Part 4. Lunar and Planetary Science;

--- Part 5. space life sciences and biotechnology;

--- Part 6. Aerospace Medicine;

--- Part 7. microgravity science;

--- Part 8. Space Earth Science. This section GB/T Part of 630,114. This section drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules. This part of the National Standardization Technical Committee on Space Applications and Science (SAC/TC312) centralized. This section drafted by: China Astronaut Research and Training Center. The main drafters of this section. Wu Wei, Cao Rui ying, Li Yinghui, Huangwei Fen, Wu Bin, Li Yongzhi, Wang Linjie, Bai Shumin, who Lixia, Tian Liping, cover Yuqing, what star, Wanghui Juan. Space Science and Its Application term Part 6. Aerospace Medicine

1 Scope

China's national terminology standard for space medicine. It is Part 6 of GB/T 30114 and defines the common terms of the field that require a unified definition, for use in standards, technical documents and the related scientific exchanges and engineering applications. Space medicine is the discipline responsible for keeping crews alive and functional, and it is unlike any other branch of medicine in one decisive respect: the patient cannot be evacuated. A physician on the ground has a hospital behind them; a crew surgeon has whatever was launched, whatever the crew can be trained to do, and a communications delay. Everything in the field follows from that. Selection is medicine done in advance: a crew is chosen partly on the basis of conditions they do not have and are unlikely to develop, because a condition that would be managed routinely on Earth is a mission-ending event in orbit. Countermeasures are medicine done continuously: the exercise, the nutrition, the pharmacological and the environmental measures that prevent the bone loss, the muscle atrophy, the cardiovascular deconditioning and the immune suppression that microgravity produces. Monitoring is medicine done remotely, on a person who is also an operator with a task list. And the medical care that remains is delivered in a spacecraft, by a crew member with limited training, using equipment that had to be small and light. The part therefore defines the terms across all of that: the physiological effects of the space environment, the selection and training, the countermeasures, the monitoring and telemedicine, the medical care and the equipment, and the environmental and radiation health terms. Issued on 5 December 2014 and in force since 1 April 2015.

GB/T 30114 in this section defines the need for a unified field of aerospace medicine some commonly used terms and their definitions. This section applies to the field of aerospace medicine related standards, technical documents, and related scientific and technological exchanges and engineering applications.

2 Space Medicine generic term

2.1 Space Medicine spacemedicine Study spaceflight affecting a comprehensive theory and applied science astronaut safety, health and work efficiency of medical problems. [

GB/T 30114.1-2013, the definition 2.50]

2.2 Space flight environment spaceflightenvironment Spaceflight vacuum, radiation and other natural environment, as well as overweight, weight loss, vibration and noise induced by general environment.

2.3 Space Gravity physiology spacegravitationalphysiology Effects of gravity of environmental change on human physiology, mechanisms and protection disciplines.

2.4 Space and Environmental Medicine spaceenvironmentalmedicine Study Aerospace environmental factors on human physiological and pathological effects generated by the mechanism of action, risk assessment methods and protection technology Subject.

2.5 Aerospace medicine implementation spaceoperationalmedicine Medical monitoring, medical evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of disease study astronaut professional activities, health maintenance and other disciplines related theory and technology.

2.6 Space Nutrition spacenutriology Study astronauts professional activity, the body needs for energy and nutrients and metabolic characteristics of the material and changes in rules and disciplines.

3 Aerospace Physiology gravity

3.1 Hydrostatic hydrostaticpressure Produced by a fluid pressure liquid column weight. NOTE. hydrostatic column height depends on liquid density and mass acceleration exposure.

3.2 Blood redistribution bloodredistribution When the gravity changes due to hydrostatic pressure changes lead to the transfer of the body, blood circulation is different from the process of change in the ground state.