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GB/T 19594-2026Fireworks - Display shells (English PDF)

烟花爆竹　礼花弹

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

February 27, 2026

Implementation date

June 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 19594-2026 is the English-translated version of 烟花爆竹　礼花弹.

GB/T 19594-2026 is the Chinese national standard covering the professional display shell - fired from a mortar and bursting hundreds of metres up, with its lift charge, its time fuse, its break and the safety distances and mortar requirements it is used with. The prefix changes: GB 19594-2015 was mandatory and this revision is issued as a recommended GB/T. In force since 1 June 2026. It was issued on 27 February 2026 and has been in force since 1 June 2026, replacing GB 19594-2015. The document is under the responsibility of the China National Light Industry Council. This page is published from the official record of the 2026 edition; the clause text of a standard this recent is not yet in circulation, and the figures, limits and tables it contains are those of the document itself, delivered in full with the English translation.

Document preview — GB/T 19594-2026

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 71.100.30
Classification: Y 88
Replacing: GB 19594-2015

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

1 Scope
4 Design
5 Categories
6 Process Quality
6.2 Production of Scaffold Shells
6.3 Effect components and packaging preparation
6.4 Loading (balls)
6.5 Ball-shaped bouncy ball
6.6 Assembly (loading propellant packs and fuses)
6.7 Packaging
7 Requirements
7.1 Marking
7.2 Packaging
7.3 Appearance
7.4 Ignition Device
7.5 Structure and components (including parts)
7.6 Drug type, dosage, and safety performance
7.7 Ignition performance
7.8 Setting off
8 Test methods
8.1 General Provisions
8.2 Paper basis weight for bullet (ball) casings
8.3 Burning speed of the fuse (timed ignition wire)
9 Inspection Rules
9.4 Factory Inspection

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part

1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents". Drafting. This document primarily replaces GB 19594-2015 "Fireworks and Firecrackers," whose mandatory clauses have been integrated into GB 10631 "Fireworks." Compared with GB 19594-2015, the main technical changes in "Safety and Quality of Firecrackers" are as follows, apart from structural adjustments and editorial modifications.

a) The terms and definitions of "projectile body," "extinguishing agent," and "cluster munition" have been changed, and "firework shell," "propellant cartridge," "chamber explosion," and "explosion altitude" have been deleted. Terms and definitions such as "radius" and "projectile diameter" have been added, along with terms and definitions such as "underwater fireworks shell," "light shell," and "tandem shell" (see page 3). Chapter 3 (2015 edition);

b) Design and process quality requirements have been added (see Chapters 4 and 6);

c) Product categories have been changed (see Chapter 5, Chapter 4 of the.2015 edition);

d) The product requirements have been changed (see Chapter 7, Chapter 5 of the.2015 edition);

e) The quantitative requirements for the paper used in fireworks shells (see 8.2) and the burning speed tests for the fuse (timed detonator) have been added (see 8.3). Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China National Light Industry Council. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Fireworks and Firecrackers (SAC/TC149). This document was drafted by: Hunan Provincial Fireworks and Firecrackers Product Safety and Quality Inspection Center, Dongxin Fireworks Group Co., Ltd., and Liuyang Yihelong. Fireworks Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Xingyao Fireworks Co., Ltd., Liuyang Jinyi Fireworks Co., Ltd., Liuyang Zhongzhou Fireworks Group Co., Ltd. Hunan Jingtai Fireworks Co., Ltd., Hunan Qingtai Fireworks Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Liuyang Guandu Fireworks Group Co., Ltd., Liuyang Century Red Fireworks Manufacturing and Sales Co., Ltd., Liuyang Jiteng Fireworks Group Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this document are. Huang Chaxiang, Ou Daihong, Zhu Yuping, Gong Wengen, Liu Zhi, Zhang Jiyun, Jiao Zengming, Wu Yanbo, Liu Yongzhang, and Zhang Yunyou. Yan Songhua. The release history of this document and the document it replaces is as follows:

---First published as GB 19594-2004 in.2004, and revised for the first time in.2015;

---This is the second revision. Fireworks and firecrackers

1 Scope

This document specifies the design, classification, process quality, requirements, inspection rules, transportation and storage requirements for aerial fireworks, and describes the corresponding inspection procedures. method. This document applies to the manufacturing and acceptance of aerial shells.

4 Design

4.1 Product design shall comply with the requirements of GB 10631 and this document.

4.2 A design should be prepared before product manufacturing. The design should include the product's shape and structure, safety requirements, combustion effects, and chemical formulation, but is not limited to... For packaging, printing, and logo design, a product design book (including design drawings) should be prepared.

4.3 Product design should take into account the venues, buildings, and auxiliary facilities involved in the setting off of the fireworks.

4.4 The raw and auxiliary materials involved in the product design shall meet the following requirements.

a) Chemical raw materials used in the product, such as potassium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, sulfur, charcoal, aluminum powder, alloy powder, etc., should comply with national and industry standards. Standard requirements.

b) Yellow cardboard is recommended for pressing cartridge cases, and the paper basis weight should be 830 g/m^2. If other types of paper are used with kraft paper, the basis weight should be... It meets the relevant technical requirements.

c) The burning rate of the fuse must be 10 mm/s (unless otherwise specified in the design) and must meet the relevant standards; ignition sources such as fast-acting fuses must also be present. The wires should meet the corresponding technical requirements.

d) The launch time (fuse burning time) and effect extinction time should be designed.

e) The black powder used for firing should be selected according to the size of the projectile, preferably in the 0.4mm~2.24mm specification (i.e., No. 1~). Granular black powder (No. 3).

f) Soft filling materials such as rice husks and cottonseeds should be used as the carrier for the opened drug packaging.

g) Based on the different oxidizing agents, the opened medicines are divided into potassium perchlorate type, potassium nitrate type and mixed type (containing potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate, etc.).

h) Potassium perchlorate-type open-package medications that are compatible with sulfur or metal powders must be individually packaged.

i) Depending on the designed ignition effect, different explosive charges (strong or weak) are used, see Appendix A.

5 Categories

5.1 According to their structural shape, the products are divided into spherical fireworks shells and cylindrical fireworks shells. Among them, cylindrical fireworks shells are further divided into two types. one is made using a pressed (semi-pressed) method. One method for making cartridge cases is cylindrical, while another method is rolling.

5.2 According to the firing environment, the products are divided into high-altitude fireworks shells and underwater fireworks shells.

5.3 Based on the intensity of the light emitted, the products are divided into daytime fireworks shells and nighttime fireworks shells.

5.4 Based on the strength of the opening, the products are divided into strong-explosive and weak-explosive types, see Appendix A.

5.5 The products are classified into No. 3 to No. 12 according to the inner diameter of the fireworks launch tube. See Table 1 for the specific classification.

5.6 Based on the different combustion effects of the products, they are divided into several types, see Appendix A.

6 Process Quality

6.1 Process Flow It should comply with GB 11652.

6.2 Production of Scaffold Shells

6.2.1 Pods (balls) should preferably be made of cardboard and should not be made of sharp plastics, metals, or other materials. Press-molded pods (balls) should be tight and compact. In fact, the specifications and dimensions should meet the corresponding technical requirements.

6.2.2 The paint on the cartridge case should be applied evenly, and nitrocellulose varnish is recommended.

6.2.3 When drilling the cartridge case, the hole diameter must match the outer diameter of the center tube (fuse) to be installed. Center tube The fuse and cartridge case interface should be tightly installed and sealed with glue (thread and paint, thread and glue).

6.3 Effect components and packaging preparation

6.3.1 The bright beads should be dry, free from deformation and cracks, have good density, and be of uniform size.

6.3.2 All effect parts (components) shall be manufactured according to the design requirements.

6.3.3 The powder is packaged with rice husks or cottonseed as carriers, and a mixture of black powder, pyrotechnic powder, etc. is evenly wrapped on the surface of the carrier.

6.3.4 Opened medicines, rice husks, cottonseeds, etc. should be thoroughly dried.

6.4 Loading (balls)

6.4.1 Damp, deteriorated beads, components, or opened propellant charges should not be used for loading cartridges. When loading cartridges, the placement of beads, components, and propellant charges should conform to... Design requirements.

6.4.2 Before loading the cartridge (ball), all components of the product should be fully inspected. the fuse and center tube should not be deformed, and the tape and center tube paper should not be damaged. The (spherical) shell should be closed completely.

6.4.3 When assembling cartridges (balls), components should be loaded into the cartridges (balls) according to their name, specifications, and quantity, then filled with the required amount of explosive, and the effect name should be clearly marked. And other markings.

6.4.4 The loading (ball) should be tightly closed.

6.4.5 After loading the cylindrical bullet (reel type), seal the opening of the tube with a round cardboard and apply glue to seal it.

6.5 Ball-shaped bouncy ball

6.5.1 Select paste paper that matches the specifications of the fireworks shells; the paste paper should be evenly coated; each round of paste should be evenly applied and tightly kneaded. smooth.

6.5.2 The number of layers of the firework shells (balls) should be determined according to the effect requirements of the firework shell design.

6.5.3 Mechanically applied paste (balls) should be filled in as required.

6.5.4 Each round of paste should be allowed to dry completely before proceeding to the next round of paste application (ball application).

6.5.5 The lifting ring should be installed upright on the projectile body, and should have a certain length and firmness.

6.6 Assembly (loading propellant packs and fuses)

6.6.1 The propellant cup (pack) should be firmly and tightly bonded to the projectile (ball).

6.6.2 The quick-ignition wire should be free from damage, mold, and moisture, and should be installed as required.

6.6.3 The location of the hole or opening in the fuse (timed detonator) should meet the design requirements.

6.6.4 The length of the fuse (timed detonator) should be determined according to the model of the fireworks shell.

6.6.5 For fireworks shells with additional effects, the effect components should have protective devices, and the effect components should not affect the launch and ascent of the shell.

6.6.6 Firework shells of size 7 and above should be equipped with lifting ropes.

6.7 Packaging

6.7.1 When packaging, partitions, filler materials, etc. should be used to ensure that the packaging is firm, tight and undamaged.

6.7.2 Products should be packaged in the same type.

7.1 Marking

7.1.1 In addition to the marking content specified in GB 10631, the following should also be indicated. type of firework shell, name of the display effect, processing and installation method, and additional information. The construction and installation methods should clearly specify the length of the fuse, the connection sequence, etc. See Appendix B for examples of transport packaging markings.

7.1.2 The installation method, scope of use, and applicable water area of underwater fireworks shells should also be marked.

7.1.3 Other requirements shall comply with GB 10631.

7.2 Packaging

7.2.1 Each firework shell product should be individually packaged and have moisture-proof measures.

7.2.2 Product packaging (including transport packaging and sales packaging) shall use corrugated cardboard boxes with at least 5 layers plus 5 layers of inner lining, and the product inside the packaging shall be... Corrugated cardboard boxes and inner clips should be used for securing the fireworks. No. 3 and No. 4 fireworks can be individually packaged in small corrugated cardboard boxes before being packed into a carton. The fit should be tight.

7.2.3 The thickness of the cardboard (including the inner lining) of the product packaging box (transport packaging) should be greater than or equal to

7.2.4 Firework shells must be packed strictly according to requirements. The corrugated cardboard boxes containing the fireworks shells must be upright and the correct size. The height should match the corrugated cardboard box, and the error should not exceed 10mm.

7.2.5 Photonic projectiles should be tightly packaged in corrugated cardboard boxes that match the projectile's dimensions and should not be packaged together with the propellant. Photonic projectiles should be made of rigid materials. Protect ignition devices such as fuses.

7.2.6 Other procedures shall be performed in accordance with GB 10631.

7.3 Appearance

7.3.1 The product should be clean, with no loose medicine or mold on the surface.

7.3.2 The surface of the projectile is smooth, and the paper is firmly bonded without bubbles.

7.3.3 Additional effect products should be firmly attached to the firework projectile body, and there should be no exposed drug.

7.3.4 Other procedures shall be performed in accordance with GB 10631.

7.4 Ignition Device

7.4.1 Ignition devices such as fuses and ignition wires should be moisture-proofed.

7.4.2 Other procedures shall be performed in accordance with GB 10631.

7.5 Structure and components (including parts)

7.5.1 The ignition device shall be securely installed on the projectile body, and the fuse and center tube shall be securely installed. For projectiles of size 4 or higher, it is recommended to install... Two fuses (cords).

7.5.2 The lifting ring should be securely installed directly above the projectile. Products of size 7 and above (including size 7) should be equipped with a lifting rope, the length of which should be greater than that of the firing cannon. The tube height and strength should be able to withstand twice the weight of the firework shell itself.

7.5.3 The projectile body should be tightly packed.

7.5.4 The product shall use paper-based propellant packs (boxes). The propellant packs (boxes) shall be sealed, leak-proof, crack-free, and securely connected to the projectile body.

7.5.5 The largest cylindrical projectile model is No. 6.

7.5.6 The largest size of the tandem shells should not exceed No. 6, and the number of shells including fireworks should not exceed 6.

7.5.7 The packaging box for tandem bombs shall have measures to protect the ignition device.

7.5.8 The product should not be pre-connected with an electric ignition head.

7.5.9 Firework shells can be in the form of having their own launch tube or not.

7.5.10 External effect components of the projectile should not be made of hard materials, should be firmly attached, and should not obstruct launch.

7.5.11 Other requirements shall comply with GB 10631.

7.6 Drug type, dosage, and safety performance

7.6.1 Chlorates should not be used in the product (except for smoke effect components).

7.6.2 Other procedures shall be performed in accordance with GB 10631.

7.7 Ignition performance

7.7.1 The ignition effect of the product shall be consistent with the product design and markings (see Appendix A).

7.7.2 During the ignition, there should be no fatal defects such as flameout, chamber explosion, low-altitude explosion, dud, or secondary explosion.

7.7.3 The minimum launch height for additional effect components is 50m.

7.7.4 For multiple-explosion type, the minimum launch height for the first launch shall be in accordance with GB 10631, and the minimum launch height for the second and subsequent launches shall be 50m.

7.7.5 Other launch altitudes or launch distances shall comply with the provisions of GB 10631.

7.7.6 The radiation radius should not exceed 1/2 of the launch height. The range of radiation radius is given in Appendix C.

7.7.7 The launch time and effect extinction time of the fireworks shells shall be specified, see Appendix D.

7.8 Setting off

7.8.1 The specifications of the cannon barrel for launching fireworks shells shall conform to the requirements of the corresponding fireworks shell model.

7.8.2 The mass of the fireworks shell launching barrel shall meet the requirements of GB 20208.

7.8.3 The venue for setting off fireworks shall meet the requirements of GB 24284.

8.1 General Provisions

8.1.1 For technical indicators involving identification and sensory aspects, visual inspection methods shall be adopted, and the relevant requirements of the standard shall be verified during inspection.

8.1.2 Test methods with the same or higher precision and accuracy may be used.

8.2 Paper basis weight for bullet (ball) casings

8.2.1 Stack 5 samples longitudinally along the paper web to form 5 layers, and then cut 2 stacks of 0.01m2 samples evenly in the transverse direction, for a total of 10 samples.

8.2.2 Weigh 10 samples together using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.0001g.

8.2.3 The basis weight of paper for fireworks shells is calculated according to formula (1).

8.3 Burning speed of the fuse (timed ignition wire)

8.3.1 Measure its length using a ruler or tape measure with a minimum graduation of 1 mm or higher.

8.3.2 Ignite the fuse (timed fuse) with an ignition source and record the burning time with a stopwatch with a precision of 0.01s or higher.

8.3.3 The burning rate of the fuse (timed fuse) is calculated according to formula (2).

8.4 Structure and Components Test with a non-destructive testing instrument, or perform an autopsy inspection, with the autopsy method performed in accordance with GB/T 41644.

8.5 Other Perform in accordance with GB/T 41644.

9 Inspection Rules

Product design and process quality are applicable to enterprises' quality control and inspection in the supply, procurement and production processes.

9.1 Batching Implement in accordance with GB/T 10632.

9.2 Sampling Rules Implement in accordance with GB/T 10632.

9.3 Type Testing The type test shall be conducted in accordance with GB 10631, and the type test items shall include all items specified in Chapter 7.

9.4 Factory Inspection

9.4.1 Each batch of products shall undergo factory inspection and be accompanied by a certificate of conformity.

9.4.2 The factory inspection items include. appearance, packaging, marking, components, dosage, and flammability.

9.5 Defect Categories and Judgment Rules The defect categories shall be implemented in accordance with Appendix E and GB/T 10632.

10.Transportation and Storage Comply with GB 10631. GB/T 19594-2026. Fireworks and Firecrackers - Display Shells ICS

88 National Standards of the People's Republic of China Replaces GB 19594-2015 Fireworks and firecrackers Published on 2026-02-

27 Implemented on June 1, 2026 State Administration for Market Regulation The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 30 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Editions of GB/T 19594

Edition	Title	Revision	Status
GB/T 19594-2026	Fireworks - Display shells	current edition	Current
GB 19594-2015	Fireworks - Display shells	previous edition	Superseded

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