GB/T 10827.5-2023Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 5: Pedestrian-propelled trucks (English PDF)

4.1 General

Vehicles shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this chapter. In addition, for non-significant hazards not covered in this document, ISO 12100 for vehicle design.

4.2 Operation and steering

4.2.1 Push/pull handle

Vertical or horizontal push/pull rods and/or a tiller should be provided for the operator to push, pull and steer the vehicle and lift the load when necessary.

load. The force should be measured and the measured value should be within the range specified in Appendix A.

4.2.2 Tiller

The tiller should be equipped with a closed-loop handle or other handle that protects the outside of the operator's hand from injury.

The cross-section of the grip is a closed ring or similar structure, and the outer diameter is 25mm~35mm. The grip width of one hand should not be less than 120mm.

4.2.3 Push/pull lever

The height from the ground to the center of the push/pull rod should be between 1100mm~1300mm, see Figure 8~Figure 11.

The vertical length of the vertical push/pull rod should not be less than 300mm, see Figure 9.

There should be a minimum distance of 50mm between the lateral outside of the push/pull rod and the lateral outer contour of the vehicle.

The cross section of the grip should be a closed ring or similar structure between two concentric circles with an inner diameter of 25mm and an outer diameter of 35mm.

4.3 Load lifting control device

4.3.1 General

The hoist and lower controls can be mounted on the tiller or as a stand-alone unit. Controls should be designed so that accidental operation the risk is minimized, and when the down gear is released, it should automatically return to the neutral position and stop moving.

4.3.2 The load control device is installed on the tiller If the lift control device is installed on the tiller, it should be located so that the operator can operate it without releasing the tiller grip.

The lift and neutral position should remain in the selected position. The lowering position should automatically return to the neutral position after the control lever is released, and the fork or platform should Stop falling.

The activation force of the control lever should not exceed 150N.

When the movement of the control rod is within the parallel plane of the tiller plane, the control rod should be pushed toward the hinge point of the tiller to achieve lifting control and toward the opposite direction.

Pull the lever in the opposite direction to achieve descent control. See Figure 12.

4.3.3 The load control device is not installed on the tiller Lifting operations can use separate devices such as hand pump levers, foot levers or rotary handles.

The lowering operation can also use a separate device, such as a manual operating lever, a foot lever or a screw pressure relief valve. When the lowering operation is released, the control the control device should automatically return to the neutral or closed position and stop descending at the same time.

4.4 Lifting system

4.4.1 Chain system

The vehicle or mast manufacturer should obtain a certificate of chain quality from the chain manufacturer to understand the breaking load of the chain.

If chains are used for the hoisting mechanism, the vehicle manufacturer should only use leaf chains or roller chains. Regardless of the friction in the mast structure, when the most when a large load is in the lifting position, the chain should have a minimum safety factor K1>=5.

4.4.2 Wire rope system

Regardless of friction in the mast structure, the vehicle manufacturer should select the minimum safety factor of the wire rope when the rated lifting capacity is in the lifting position

4.4.3 Hydraulic system

4.4.3.1 Stroke limiter

On stacking vehicles, the lifting assembly should be equipped with a reliable device to prevent overtravel. At the same time, reliable methods (such as mechanical limit position) to prevent the fork frame and the movable parts of the mast structure from accidentally falling off the upper end of the mast.

On pallet trucks and scissor pallet trucks, a limit device should be installed to prevent the lifting piston rod from exceeding its stroke.

4.4.3.2 Natural decline

The vehicle is in the expected operating condition and the hydraulic oil is at the normal operating environment temperature. Under the action of the rated lifting weight, the the load drop caused by internal leakage in the hydraulic system should not exceed 25mm.

4.4.3.3 Safety valve

Except for vehicles that are lifted by manual operation, all power hydraulic systems should have a device to prevent the system pressure from exceeding a predetermined pressure. The predetermined pressure should Less than 115% of maximum working pressure. The device should be designed so that it cannot loosen itself and requires tools or keys to change its pressure setting.

Vehicles that are lifted by human operators should also be equipped with pressure limiting devices.

4.4.3.4 Hydraulic circuit

All hoses, pipes and joints that are subject to internal pressure should be able to withstand at least three times the working pressure of the hydraulic circuit without rupture.

or permanent deformation.

On electric-lift vehicles, the hydraulic system should contain suitable filtration devices (e.g. using filters or magnets).

4.4.3.5 Descending speed limit

A device should be installed in the lifting circuit of the stacking vehicle. When the hydraulic circuit fails (excluding the lifting hydraulic cylinder), the device should Limit the full-load descending speed of the lifting device to a maximum of no more than 0.6m/s. The device should be directly installed on the lifting hydraulic cylinder.

For pallet trucks and scissor pallet trucks, the lowering device shall be designed to allow the operator to control the speed of descent, or the maximum speed of descent.

It should not exceed 0.2m/s.

4.4.3.6 Hydraulic circuit energy supply failure

Hydraulic systems should be designed to not allow uncontrolled movement of equipment or attachments in the event of energy supply failure or interruption. Rise the system should not drop unexpectedly.

4.4.4 Forks and platforms---Stacking vehicles only

The fork should be separated from the fork frame only under active human operation.

4.4.5 Fork rack---Stacking vehicles only

4.4.5.1 Detachment of fork

The fork carriage shall comply with the provisions of ISO 2328.

4.4.5.2 Fork loading and unloading slot

The fork carriage shall comply with the provisions of ISO 2328.

4.4.5.3 Unexpected lateral displacement of forks

The fork carriage shall comply with the provisions of ISO 2328.

4.4.6 Attachments---Stacking vehicles only

4.4.6.1 Attachment detachment

Attachments (such as clamps, tiltable fork racks, fork fork sleeves, etc.) should only be detached when actively operated by humans.

The movement of the attachment and its components shall be mechanically limited at the extremes of travel.

4.4.6.2 Clamping device

Clamping devices should be designed to operate when the vehicle's control mechanisms are in neutral or when the power system of the attachment supporting the load fails.

down, the automatic clamping force is maintained for at least 10 minutes through a one-way valve or any other effective device. The fault description shall be in accordance with 6.2.3n).

4.4.6.3 Attachment independent hydraulic system

If it has its own independent hydraulic system, it shall comply with the provisions of 4.4.3.4.

4.4.6.4 Attachment hydraulic system connected to the vehicle hydraulic system

If the attachment's hydraulic system is connected to the vehicle's hydraulic system, the two systems shall be compatible and the combined hydraulic system shall comply with the provisions of 4.4.3.4.

4.5 Parking brake

Stacking vehicles and platform vehicles should be equipped with parking brakes. The brakes should be fully rated on a flat, solid slope with a gradient of 5%.

Stop with lifting weight.

Pallet trucks and scissor pallet trucks should be designed to be equipped with a parking brake.

4.6 Stability

In order to minimize the risk of longitudinal and transverse rollover during expected operations, each type of vehicle should comply with its respective prescribed test requirements.

requirements, in accordance with the requirements stated in ISO 22915-16, and there should be no permanent deformation.

4.7 Lateral stabilizer

The walking scissor pallet truck should be equipped with a stabilizer and should automatically start to operate when the lifting height reaches 350mm~450mm.

used, and should enable the vehicle to remain motionless on level ground.

If the stabilizer still needs to be operated after it has started functioning, the stabilizer should be equipped with a device (such as a roller).

4.8 Protection against crushing, shearing and pinching

Adequate protection should be provided for parts that move with each other and parts that are accessible to the operator in the normal operating position. If there are still residual Danger should be marked according to the provisions of 6.2.3.The following are the minimum safe distances specified by ISO 13857.

---The place where the operator's fingers may get stuck. 25mm;

---The place where the operator's hands or feet may get stuck. 50mm;

---The place where the operator's arms or legs may get stuck. 100mm.

If the hazard still exists, the hazardous location should be marked on the vehicle in accordance with 6.3.3.4.

4.9 Sides and angles

The external parts of the vehicle that can collide with the body should not have sharp edges and corners that pose a danger to the operator in the normal operating position.

4.10 Protective devices

4.10.1 Wheel guards

Stacking vehicles and platform vehicles equipped with push and pull handles and wheels or casters, in which the wheels and casters installed beyond the frame the wheel, in the normal operating position (see Figure 1 to Figure 11), should be equipped with a wheel guard as shown in Figure 13 to protect the operator's feet. Figure 13 is a Illustration of a typical wheel guard.

4.10.2 Glass barriers or screens

If glass is used as a baffle or screen, tempered or laminated safety glass should be used.

4.10.3 Stacking vehicle racks

Stacking vehicles with a lifting height greater than or equal to 1800mm should be equipped with racks. For specific usage information, see 6.2.2e) and 6.2.3b).

4.10.4 Putting in and out of pallets

The design and manufacture of the pallet truck forks should make it easy to enter and exit the pallet (such as using rollers, skateboards, etc.).

4.11 Additional requirements for battery-powered lifting vehicles

4.11.1 Lifting

The selection, design and location of controls should be such that.

---Prevent misuse;

---Clear identification;

---The control function meets the design requirements;

---Automatically returns to the neutral position after release.

When the control device is released, the lifting/lowering action shall stop and the position of the load shall remain unchanged.

4.11.2 Electrical systems and equipment

All electrical systems and equipment shall comply with ISO 20898.

Batteries should be securely fixed in a ventilated space. The battery pack and/or battery location shall be designed, constructed or covered so that the battery acid the possible hazards caused by liquids or gases to the operator are minimized.

Live parts (not connected to the frame) and/or connectors should be covered with insulating material and should be easily disconnected from the battery, such as quick use.

quick plug or easy-to-operate isolating switch.