GB 48005-2026Safety technical specification of glazing materials for rolling stock (English PDF)

4.1 General Rules

4.1.1 The windshield should be made of laminated glass or electrically heated glass, and the side windows should be made of insulated glass, laminated glass, or tempered glass. The interior... Tempered glass or laminated glass should be used.

4.1.2 Safety technical requirements include requirements for visibility safety, electrothermal safety, mechanical safety, and fragmentation safety. Safety requirements for escape and rescue. The windshield, side windows, and interior windows should meet the safety technical requirements listed in Table 1.

4.2 Field of vision safety performance

4.2.1 Light transmittance The light transmittance of the main field of vision area of the front windshield should not be less than 70%.

4.2.2 Optical Distortion The maximum optical distortion of the windshield should not exceed the value specified in Table 2.

4.2.3 Secondary image deviation The deviation of the secondary image on the front windshield from the maximum value should not exceed the value specified in Table 3.

4.3 Electrical heating safety performance

4.3.1 Insulation Resistance The insulation resistance between the insulating parts of the electrically heated glass should not be less than 50MOmega.

4.3.2 Resistance to thermal shock During the test as described in 5.3.2, the electrically heated glass should not exhibit arcing. After the test, the electrically heated glass should not show signs of delamination, bubbles, or other defects. Defects. Resistance or power should meet design requirements, and field of view safety performance should meet requirements 4.2.

4.3.3 Resistance to electric heat During the test as described in 5.3.3, the electrically heated glass should not exhibit arcing. After the test, the electrically heated glass should not show signs of delamination, bubbles, or other defects. Defects. Resistance or power should meet design requirements, and field of view safety performance should meet requirements 4.2.

4.4 Mechanical safety performance

4.4.1 Resistance to missile impact After the test in 5.4.1, the impactor should not penetrate the windshield glass specimen, and the specimen should remain within the frame.

4.4.2 Splash Protection Products with a splash-proof design should undergo this test. After testing according to 5.4.2, the splashes generated by the impact should not remain on the surface of the tested aluminum foil. Marks were left on the surface.

4.4.3 Resistance to soft impact The side windows and interior glass of rail vehicles (excluding luggage rack glass) shall be subjected to soft impact resistance test at an impact height of 1.2m. Side window glass. When laminated or insulated glass is used, after testing according to 5.4.3, a soft object should not penetrate the side window glass sample; when tempered glass is used... If the glass breaks after the test according to 5.4.3, the total mass of the 10 largest fragments of each sample should not exceed the area equivalent to 65 cm^2. The quality of the glass is such that any glass fragments without penetrating cracks retained within the frame should not exceed 120mm in length. Interior glass. When laminated glass is used, after testing according to 5.4.3, soft materials should not penetrate the laminated glass; when tempered glass is used, test according to 5.4.3. After testing, if the glass shatters, the total mass of the 10 largest fragments from each sample should not exceed the mass equivalent to an area of 65 cm^2. The length of any glass fragment without penetrating cracks within the frame should not exceed 120 mm.

4.4.4 Resistance to steel ball impact

4.4.4.1 Side window glass After the test in 5.4.4, the side window glass should not be penetrated by the steel ball.

4.4.4.2 Interior glass 4.4.4.2.1 For laminated glass, after testing according to 5.4.4, it shall meet the following requirements.

a) The steel ball cannot penetrate the specimen;

b) The mass of the fragments peeled off from the impact side is less than 20g.

Note. This test is not required for tempered laminated glass, curved laminated glass, and laminated glass with more than three original glass sheets. 4.4.4.2.2 For tempered glass, the sample should not be damaged.

4.4.5 Bird strike resistance When the vehicle's maximum operating/design speed is not less than.200 km/h, the windshield should be resistant to bird strikes. Bird strike resistance test. Finally, the front windshield should not crack.

4.5 Fragmentation Security Performance Tempered glass fragments for side windows and interior use should conform to the specifications in Table

4.Three pieces of the product should be tested; all three pieces should conform to the specifications in Table 4. The regulations stipulate that if one product fails to meet the requirements, three additional products may be added for testing, and all additional products must meet the requirements.

4.6 Escape Safety Performance When conducting escape tests, emergency window glass should meet the following requirements.

a) The time required to form a complete emergency exit should not exceed 2 minutes;

b) For emergency exit windows in passenger areas, the dimensions of the emergency exit should be no less than 700mm × 600mm;

c) Emergency windows for the driver's cab and staff should have a minimum size of 400mm and an area of.2000cm^2. exit.

5.2 Field of vision safety performance

5.2.1 Light transmittance Using front window glass products or special products as samples, place them at a vertical angle and test them according to the method specified in Appendix B.

5.2.2 Optical Distortion Using the front window glass product as a sample, the test was conducted according to the method specified in Appendix C after placing it at the actual installation angle.

5.2.3 Secondary image deviation Using the front window glass product as a sample, the test was conducted according to the method specified in Appendix D after placing it at the actual installation angle.

5.3 Electrical heating safety performance

5.3.1 Insulation Resistance Using electrically heated glass products as samples, the tests were conducted according to the method specified in E.1 of Appendix E.

5.3.2 Resistance to electrical thermal shock Using electrically heated glass products as samples, the test temperature is -50°C±2°C, and the test is conducted according to the method specified in E.2.

5.3.3 Resistance to electric heat Using electrically heated glass products as samples, the test environment temperature was 20°C±5°C, and the test voltage was

1.2 times the rated voltage, according to E.3 specification. The experiment was conducted using a specific method.

5.4.1 Resistance to missile impact

5.4.1.1 Sample Front window glass products or special products are used as impact test specimens, with a minimum sample size of 1000mm × 700mm.

5.4.1.2 Impacting body velocity The impact velocity (vp) should be specified by the design requirements. If the design requirements do not specify vp, vp should be selected according to formula (1) or formula (2). During the test, the velocity of the impacting body should be measured within 2.5m of the impact point, and the velocity deviation should be within the range of 0km/h to 10km/h. For rail vehicles with a design speed not exceeding 160 km/h, impact test specimens according to the impactor velocity of formula (1).

5.4.1.3 Test Procedure The test shall be conducted according to the method specified in Appendix F. Two test specimens shall be taken for testing, one of which shall be tested at 0°C±0.5°C. For testing, one specimen shall be tested at 20.0°C±5.0°C, and both specimens shall meet the requirements of 4.4.1.The installation angle of the specimens shall be consistent with that of the actual vehicle. The installation angles should be consistent. When using front window glass products as impact test specimens, tooling capable of simulating actual vehicle installation should be available.

5.4.2 Splash Protection When conducting missile impact resistance tests according to 5.4.1, use an aluminum plate with a thickness not exceeding

0.15 mm and dimensions of 1000 mm × 700 mm, vertically... Place the sample horizontally 500mm behind it from the impact point. After the test, take a picture to record whether there are any traces of splashing on the surface of the aluminum plate.

5.4.3 Resistance to soft impact Using side window glass or interior glass products as samples, conduct the tests according to the methods specified in Appendix G.

5.4.4 Resistance to steel ball impact

5.4.4.1 Sample Side window glass. The side window product is used as a sample. Interior glass. 300mm×300mm was used as the sample.

5.4.4.2 Test Apparatus The side window glass test should use the support frame shown in Figure

1.The support frame can be made of wood; a and b are the specimen length and specimen width, respectively. The dimensions are set such that a > b, and the support frame is positioned a/10 of the distance from the edge of the long side of the specimen. The support frame shown in Figure 2 is used for the interior glass test. (Steel ball material) The quantity is 500g, the mass deviation is 0g~10g, and the surface is smooth.

5.4.4.3 Test Procedure The experimental steps are as follows:

a) The test specimen should be stored at a temperature of 23°C±2°C for more than 4 hours before the test.

b) The sample is placed horizontally on the support frame (as shown in Figures 1 and 2), and the contact area is tested with a Shore hardness conforming to GB/T 531.1. A50 rubber strip padding (as shown in Figure 2); when the sample is asymmetrical laminated glass, the impact surface should be a single piece of the laminated glass. The thinner side of the glass; when the sample is a side window insulated glass unit, the impact surface should be the side of the glass that faces outwards when installed on the vehicle, during impact. Place a piece of felt with a thickness of 2mm ± 0.5mm at the point.

c) Drop the steel ball freely from the height specified in Table 5, with the impact point within 25 mm from the center of the sample.

d) Each specimen shall be impacted only once. The results after impact shall be examined. When the specimen is tempered glass for the interior or side windows of a vehicle, its... Whether it has been damaged; when the sample is laminated glass from the interior of a vehicle, check whether the steel ball penetrates the sample by weighing it with a balance with a graduation of 0.5g. The quality of the fragments peeled off from the impact side; when the sample is a hollow or laminated glass with a side window, check whether the steel ball penetrates the sample.

5.4.5 Bird strike resistance A 1.8kg±0.03kg bird shot was selected. The front window glass was used as the sample, and the sample temperature was 20°C±5°C, based on the train design/maximum... The speed of the bird projectile was determined by high operating speed, and the test was conducted according to the method specified in Appendix F.

5.5 Fragmentation Security Performance

5.5.1 Sample Tempered glass for the interior or side windows of a vehicle was used as the test specimen.

5.5.2 Test Apparatus Exposure and blueprinting apparatus or other instruments and equipment capable of clearly displaying and counting fragments, with a tip curvature radius of

0.20 mm ± A small hammer or punch with a diameter of 0.05mm.

5.5.3 Test Procedure The experimental steps are as follows:

a) Place the sample on top of a second sample of the same shape and size, and place a photosensitive material between the two samples that can completely cover the sample. The paper was then secured with transparent tape along the edges.

b) Impact the center of the specimen with a small hammer or punch to break the specimen;

c) The photosensitive paper should begin exposure within 10 seconds of impact and end exposure within 3 minutes of impact;

d) After printing the image, remove the outer 20mm and the portion with a radius of 75mm centered on the impact point, and select the part with the largest fragment from the image. Use a 50mm x 50mm counting frame to count the number of fragments within the frame. Fragments that cross the edge of the counting frame are counted as 0.5.

e) For glass thicker than 4mm, when the number of fragments in the counting frame is less than 40, use a 100mm × 100mm counting frame. Output the number of fragments, including this part.

5.6 Escape Safety Performance The number of test windows should be no less than two. The test should be conducted by at least one male and one female using passenger-safe window-breaking tools. Test. The height of male and female test subjects should not exceed the percentage of static anthropometric dimensions of adult males aged 18-70 years as defined in GB/T 10000-2023. The median (P50) of the static anthropometric measurements was 1687 mm, and the median (P50) of the static anthropometric measurements for adult women aged 18-70 was 1572 mm. Requirements. During testing, the glass unit or window unit can be securely fastened to the test frame. It is not necessary to attach the glass unit or window to be tested. The unit is mounted on the vehicle body. This test is not required to be conducted on the entire vehicle.