GB 18176-2016Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from mopeds (CHINA IV) (English PDF)

3.1 moped

According to GB/T 15089-2001.

Two-wheeled mopeds (category L1). two-wheeled vehicle that if a heat engine is used, its cylinder displacement shall not exceed 50 mL, and regardless of the driving mode, its maximum design speed shall not exceed 50 km/h.

Three-wheeled mopeds (category L2). three-wheeled vehicle with any wheel arrangement that if a thermal engine is used, its cylinder displacement does not exceed

50 mL, and regardless of the driving mode, its maximum design speed does not exceed 50 km/h.

3.2 type test

An inspection that after the design of a type of moped is completed, the model test is carried out on the new product that has been trial-produced to verify whether the product can meet the technical requirements of this Standard.

3.3 gas fuel

It refers to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or natural gas (NG).

3.4 bi-fuel moped

A moped that can use both gasoline and a gas as fuel, but the two fuels cannot be used at the same time.

3.5 mono fuel gas moped

A moped that can only use a certain type of gas fuel (LPG or NG) or can use a certain type of gas fuel (LPG or NG) and gasoline, but gasoline is only used for emergency situations or engine starting.

3.6 equivalent inertia

The mass equivalent to the movement and moment of inertia of a moped on a chassis dynamometer that is simulated by an inertia simulator.

4.1

Carry out type test in accordance with the requirements of this Standard and meet the requirements of this Standard.

4.2

Moped manufacturers or their authorized agents shall disclose information in accordance with Annex A and Annex B. If the content involves enterprise secrets, the information may only be disclosed to the competent authority.

4.3

In order to carry out the tests mentioned in Chapter 6, a representative sample vehicle must be submitted to the testing agency responsible for type test. Two sets of identical canisters are also required for Type IV test.

5.1

For components affecting tailpipe emissions, crankcase emissions and evaporative emissions, their design, manufacture and assembly shall make the moped meet the requirements of this Standard no matter what kind of vibration it encounters under normal use conditions.

5.2

Moped manufacturers must take technical measures to ensure that mopeds meet the requirements of Chapter 6 and Chapter 7.In this way, it is considered that under normal use conditions and service life, the tailpipe emissions and evaporative emissions can be effectively controlled within the limits specified in this Standard.

5.3

Moped manufacturers must take one of the following measures to prevent excessive emissions of evaporative emissions and fuel spillage due to missing fuel tank caps.

5.4

All mopeds shall be equipped with an OBD system.

5.5

The safety of the electronic control system shall meet the following requirements.

5.6

Mopeds are prohibited from using defeat devices and/or irrational emission control strategy.

5.7

When one of the following conditions is met, mopeds can be installed and used with relevant engine control devices, functions, systems or measures.

5.8

If the engine control device, function, system or measure used by the moped can cause the engine to adopt a different or adjusted engine control strategy than that used in the normal use emission test cycle, it is allowed to use if it is fully demonstrated that the measure will not reduce the efficiency of the emission control system. In all other cases, it is considered a defeat device.

6.1 Test items

During the type test, the test items of the moped are shown in Table 1.

6.2 Emission limit requirements and test methods

6.2.1

Type I test (emission test of tailpipe emissions after cold start at room temperature)

6.2.1.1

All mopeds shall be subjected to this test.

6.2.1.2

For bi-fuel mopeds, Type I tests shall be carried out using two fuels respectively.

6.2.1.3

Type I test shall be carried out according to the method specified in Annex C.

Various tailpipe emission gases are collected and analyzed by prescribed methods.

6.2.1.4

The flow chart of Type I test is shown in Figure 1.

6.2.1.5

Mopeds shall be placed on a chassis dynamometer equipped with power absorbing devices and inertia simulation devices.

6.2.1.6

During the test, the exhaust gas is diluted, and the sample gas is collected into the sampling bag in proportion. Dilute, sample and analyze the exhaust of the test vehicle as required. Measure the total volume of diluted gases.

6.2.2 Type II test (dual idling speed test)

6.2.2.1

All mopeds shall be subjected to this test.

6.2.2.2

For bi-fuel mopeds, this test shall be carried out for the two fuels respectively.

6.2.2.3

For mono fuel gas mopeds, only use this gas fuel to carry out this test.

6.2.3 Type III test (emission test for crankcase emissions)

The engine's crankcase ventilation system does not allow any crankcase emissions to escape into the atmosphere. When necessary, the enterprise shall disclose detailed technical information and drawings to the competent authority to prove that the construction of the engine will not emission any fuel, lubricating oil or crankcase gas from the crankcase ventilation system into the atmosphere.

6.2.4 Type IV test (emission test for evaporative emissions)

6.2.5 Type V test (endurance test for emission-control devices)

6.2.6 On-board diagnostic (OBD) system requirements

The moped OBD system shall be tested in accordance with Annex G and meet its requirements.

6.3 Test fuel

All tests except Type V tests shall use reference fuels that meet the requirements of

Annex H. Type V test shall use commercially available vehicle fuels that meet the relevant standards.

7.1 Production consistency inspection for type I test

7.1.1

When carrying out the Type I test, if the moped for type test has one or more extensions, this test can be carried out on the vehicle type mentioned in Annex A or the relevant expansion type.

7.1.2

After the moped is selected by the competent department, the manufacturer shall not make any adjustments to the selected moped.

7.1.3

Sample vehicles are directly selected from the vehicles that pass the production line inspection for testing. The test vehicle does not need to be run-in. If required by the manufacturer, run-in less than 250 km can be carried out according to the run-in specification of the manufacturer. But no adjustments shall be made to these mopeds.

7.1.4

Tests shall be carried out with commercially available vehicle fuels that meet the relevant standards. Under the request of the manufacturer, the reference fuel specified in Annex H can be used.

7.2 Production consistency inspection for Type II test

Test 3 vehicles

7.3 Production consistency inspection for Type III test

It shall meet the requirements of 6.2.3.

7.4 Production consistency inspection for Type IV test

The production consistency inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of E.7.

7.5 Production consistency inspection for OBD system

7.5.1 Randomly select three vehicles from batch products

Conduct the test described in Annex G.

7.5.2

If the three vehicles meet the requirements of the test described in Annex G, the production consistency of the OBD system is considered to meet the requirements.

Otherwise, it is determined that the production consistency inspection of the OBD system fails.

7.6 Production consistency inspection for canisters

7.7 Production consistency inspection for catalytic converters

7.7.1

Randomly take three vehicles (or three sets of catalytic converters) from an assembly line or mass production. In accordance with the regulations of QC/T 1003, detect the content of each precious metal in the taken catalytic converter.

7.7.2

Criteria for judging the consistency of catalytic converter production.

7.8 Other

If a certain model cannot meet any one of the production consistency inspection requirements in 7.1 to 7.7, the moped manufacturer shall take all necessary measures as soon as possible to re-establish the production consistency assurance system.