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TB/T 2626-1995Technical specification for rubber subplate under railway concrete track (English PDF)

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Issued by

Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

October 24, 2000

Implementation date

May 1, 2001

Scope

TB/T 2626-1995 (Technical specification for rubber subplate under railway concrete track) is available as an English-translated PDF.

TB/T 2626-1995 - This Standard specifies the ultrasonic testing methods and the acceptance standard for new railway wheels and wheel tires. This Standard is applicable to ultrasonic testing for internal defects of new railway wheels and wheel tires

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Document preview — TB/T 2626-1995

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

Issued by: Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China

Foreword...3
ISO Foreword...4
1 Scope...5
2 Normative references...5
3 Qualifications of the personnel...5
4 Equipment, probes and couplants...5
5 Test block...6

Foreword

This Standard's detection methods of internal defects in material of wheels and

wheel tires equal to the ones stipulated in ISO 5948-1994 "Railway rolling stock

material - Ultrasonic acceptance testing".

Since the date of implementation of this Standard, TB 2046-89 "Locomotive

New Wheel Tires Ultrasonic Flaw Testing" and TB/T 2882-98 "Wheel Ultrasonic

Testing Technical Conditions" shall be abolished.

Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D, Appendix E, Appendix F

and Appendix G of this Standard are normative.

This Standard was proposed by and shall be under the jurisdiction of Qishuyan

Locomotive & Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Drafting organizations of this Standard. Qishuyan Locomotive & Rolling Stock

Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., and Metals and Chemistry Research

Institute of China Academy of Railway Sciences.

Main drafters of this Standard. Huang Yongwei, Li Lianxiu, Lu Xuanguo, Yao

Rongwen and Zheng Lili.

ISO Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide

federation of national standard bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of

preparing International Standard is normally carried out through ISO technical

committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that

committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental,

in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are

circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International

Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a

vote.

International Standard ISO 5948 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC

17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 13, Railway rolling stock material.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5948.1981), of

which it constitutes a technical revision.

Railway Wheels and Wheel Tires Ultrasonic Testing

1 Scope

This Standard specifies the ultrasonic testing methods and the acceptance

standard for new railway wheels and wheel tires.

This Standard is applicable to ultrasonic testing for internal defects of new

railway wheels and wheel tires

2 Normative references

The following standards contain the provisions which, through reference in this

Standard, constitute the provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication,

all editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and

parties who enter into agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to

investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards

indicated below.

JB/T 10061-99 General technical requirements for A-type pulse reflection

ultrasonic flaw detector

JB/T 10062-99 Ultrasonic flaw detection probe performance test method

3 Qualifications of the personnel

3.1 The inspector of railway wheels and wheel tires ultrasonic testing must

master the corresponding basic knowledge and be familiar with provisions of

this Standard.

4 Equipment, probes and couplants

4.1 Ultrasonic flaw detector

Ultrasonic flaw detector shall meet requirements in JB/T 10061-99.

4.2 Ultrasonic probe

4.2.1 It uses longitudinal-wave straight-probe and split longitudinal-wave probe.

4.3 System combination performance

4.3.1 The sensitivity of ultrasonic flaw detector and straight-probe system shall

at least have 30dB allowance when it is probing the Phi2 flat bottom hole of the

maximum sound-path.

4.4 Couplants. engine oil, glycerin or water.

5 Test block

5.1 Overall test block for wheel tire and wheel flaw detection is shown in

Appendix A.

5.2 Single test block for wheel tire flaw detection is shown in Appendix B.

5.3 Single test block for wheel flaw detection is shown in Appendix C.

5.4 Calibration test block for wheel tire concave radial detection is shown in

Appendix D.

5.5 LG-6 test block and LG-9 test block are shown in Appendix E.

6 Drawing of distance-amplitude curve and DAC

curve of wheel tire's inner surface's radial detection

6.1 Distance-amplitude curve schematic diagram

6.1.1 Distance-amplitude curve schematic diagram shall be made by inspector

according to the detection system used. Verify distance-amplitude curve before

use it.

6.2 Drawing of DAC curve of wheel tire's inner surface's radial detection

6.2.1 Drawing of internal combustion engine wheel tire (rim). PLACE dual-

crystal probe on LG-6 test block's probing surface for scanning; FIND the

reflected wave of Phi2 flat-bottomed hole of which the burial depth is 60 mm;

6.2.2 Drawing of electric locomotive wheel tire (rim). PLACE dual-crystal probe

on LG-9 test block's probing surface for scanning; FIND reflected wave of Phi2

flat-bottomed hole of which the burial depth is 75 mm;

7 Flaw detection

7.1 Test surface roughness

Flaw detection is usually conducted in delivery status. It must maintain the

coupling effect between workpiece test surface and probe.

7.2 Test surface and flaw detection area

The inner side and tread of wheel tire and wheel rim are test surface. The inner

area of wheel tire and wheel rim, to where the incident ultrasonic can reach

from the test surface, shall be ultrasonic flaw detection area.

7.3 The scanning speed in manual flaw detection shall not be greater than 150

mm/s. The coverage rate shall not be less than 10%.

7.4 Flaw detection sensitivity

7.4.1 Wheel tire flaw detection sensitivity

7.4.2 Wheel rim flaw detection sensitivity

7.4.2.1 Axial flaw detection sensitivity

Use longitudinal-wave straight-probe to adjust Phid flat-bottomed hole's

reflection echo of wheel rim No. 2 reference block to 50% height of screen's full

scale, take it as the reference. Then obtain the decibel difference BETWEEN

the gain AND Phid equivalent flat-bottomed hole at the maximum detection

sound-path. On this basis, compensate the coupling difference between test

block and real-object (usually it is 4dB and above), and take it as the flaw

detection sensitivity.

7.4.3 Axial acoustically-transparent flaw detection sensitivity

7.4.3.1 Wheel tire's acoustically-transparent flaw detection sensitivity

Use Phi20 longitudinal-wave straight-probe to adjust 120° cone-bottomed hole's

reflection echo of wheel rim No. 4 reference block to 50% height of screen's full

scale, take it as the reference. Then compensate the coupling difference

between test block and real-object (usually it is 4dB and above), and take it as

the flaw detection sensitivity.

7.5 Quality evaluation method

7.5.1 Evaluation of defects

After defects are found by flaw detection, detect the decibel difference between

defects and detection reference points. Compare on the corresponding curve

and determine the defect equivalence.

8 Acceptance

8.1 In wheel or wheel tire inspection, if the defect is greater than Phi3 mm

equivalence, then this wheel or wheel tire shall be regarded as unqualified.

8.2 In special needs, if the defect is greater than Phi2 mm equivalence, then this

wheel or wheel tire shall be regarded as unqualified.

8.5 Acoustically-transparent

Conduct acoustically-transparent inspection on the basis of flaw detection

sensitivity in 7.4.3.When bottom-wave at any position is reduced to less than

50% of the height, then it shall require other methods (e.g. radial inspection) to

distinguish whether there is defect at this position. If there is defect, then it shall

be judged as unqualified.

8.6 If there is dispute on the results of radial flaw detection, the tread flaw

defection results shall prevail.

Appendix A

(Normative)

Overall test block of wheel tire and wheel flaw defection

A1 The material of test block is same as real-object. Test block must be tested

by axial ultrasonic testing. Internal defects that are 8dB less than reflected

signal of Phi2 flat-bottomed hole are not allowed. At the 1/2 of wheel rim outer

side, the bottom echo difference of the first- and the second-time is 7~8dB.

TB/T 2995-2000

RAILWAY INDUSTRY STANDARD

eqv ISO 5948-1994

Railway Wheels and Wheel Tires Ultrasonic Testing

Issued on. OCTOBER 24, 2000

Implemented on. MAY 1, 2001

Issued by. Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China

Table of Contents

Foreword... 3

ISO Foreword... 4

1 Scope... 5

2 Normative references... 5

3 Qualifications of the personnel... 5

4 Equipment, probes and couplants... 5

5 Test block... 6

6 Drawing of distance-amplitude curve and DAC curve of wheel tire's inner

surface's radial detection... 7

7 Flaw detection... 8

8 Acceptance... 10

Appendix A... 11

Appendix B... 15

Appendix C... 17

Appendix D... 19

Appendix E... 20

Appendix F... 22

Appendix G... 26