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Issued by
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China
Level / Type
National · Recommended
Issue date
May 9, 2025
Implementation date
November 1, 2025
Scope
QC/T 350-2023 (Plastic split dowel) is available as an English-translated PDF.
QC/T 350-2023 is the Chinese standard "Plastic split dowel". Its scope clause reads: This document specifies the terms and definitions, names of various parts, technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of casting aluminium pistons for the engines for automobile and motorcycle.
This document is applicable to the manufacture of casting aluminium pistons for the engines for automobile and motorcycle with cylinder diameters less than or equal to 160 mm.
Its clauses include terms and definitions; technical requirements; inspection methods; inspection rules; marking, packaging, transportation and storage. It was issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China on 2025-05-09 and took effect on 2025-11-01.
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Document preview — QC/T 350-2023
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
- ICS
- 43.060
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China
Contents
- Foreword...4
- 1 Scope...6
- 2 Normative References...6
- 3 Terms and Definitions...6
- 4 Technical Requirements...7
- 4.1 General...7
- 4.2 Materials...7
- 4.3 Casting Surface Defects...8
- 4.4 Machined Surface Defects...8
- 4.5 Surface Texture Quality...9
- 4.6 Dimensional Tolerance...9
- 4.7 Geometric Tolerance...10
- 4.8 Piston Mass...11
- 4.9 Piston Grouping and Marking...11
- 4.10 Piston Cleanliness...12
- 5 Inspection Methods...12
- 6 Inspection Rules...12
- 7 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage...12
- 7.1 Marking...12
- 7.2 Packaging...13
- 7.3 Transportation...14
- 7.4 Storage...14
- 7.5 Others...14
1 Scope
This document specifies the terms and definitions, names of various parts, technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of casting aluminium pistons for the engines for automobile and motorcycle.
This document is applicable to the manufacture of casting aluminium pistons for the engines for automobile and motorcycle with cylinder diameters less than or equal to 160 mm.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 1031 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture. Profile method -
Surface roughness parameters and their values
GB/T 1148 Internal combustion engines - Aluminum pistons
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attribute - Part 1.Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 10610 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Surface texture. Profile method -
Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture
JB/T 14615 Internal combustion engine - Piston assembly - Cleanliness limits and measurement
QC/T 283 Automobile engine - Piston with ring carrier
QC/T 553 Metallographic inspection of casting aluminum piston for engines of automobile and motorcycle
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 1148 are applicable to this document.
4 Technical Requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 The casting aluminium pistons (hereinafter referred to as the “pistons”) shall be manufactured in accordance with product drawings and technical documents approved through the prescribed procedures.
4.1.2 In addition to meeting the following technical requirements, the remaining technical
requirements for pistons shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 1148.
4.1.3 The technical requirements for casting aluminium pistons with ring carrier shall be implemented according to QC/T 283.
4.2 Materials
4.2.1 Material composition
The piston body is made of cast aluminum-silicon alloy. The material grade or composition shall be specified in the product drawings.
4.2.2 Mechanical properties and stability of volume
4.2.2.1 The piston shall be heat-treated, and its mechanical properties and stability of volume (residual expansion of piston diameter D) shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
4.2.2.2 The hardness difference of the same piston shall be less than or equal to 10 Brinell hardness units, and the hardness difference of pistons in the same batch shall be less than or equal to 30 Brinell hardness units.
4.2.3 Metallographic structure
The metallographic structure shall meet the requirements of QC/T 553.
specifications.
4.9.3 The printing markings for product mass grouping shall conform to the product drawing specifications.
4.10 Piston Cleanliness
Piston cleanliness shall meet the requirements of JB/T 14615.
5 Inspection Methods
5.1 The inspection methods for tensile strength, hardness, and stability of volume shall be performed in accordance with GB/T 1148.
5.2 Metallographic structure inspection shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of QC/T 553.
5.3 Inspection of casting surface defects and machined surface defects shall be performed by visual inspection or the methods specified in the technical documents.
5.4 Surface texture quality inspection shall be performed in accordance with GB/T 1031 and
GB/T 10610.
5.5 Inspection of dimensional tolerances and geometric tolerances shall be performed in accordance with GB/T 1148.
5.6 Piston mass inspection shall be performed using the direct weighing method.
5.7 Piston cleanliness inspection shall be performed in accordance with JB/T 14615.
6 Inspection Rules
6.1 Pistons shall be inspected and approved by the quality inspection department of the manufacturing enterprise before leaving the factory.
6.2 Sampling for piston inspection shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of
GB/T 2828.1.The inspection items, batching principles, sampling protocol, as well as judgment and re-inspection rules shall be agreed upon by both the supply and demand sides.
7 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage
7.1 Marking
7.1.1 Each product package shall be marked with, but is not limited to, the following.
a) Manufacturing enterprise’s name code or trademark;
b) Specification marking and dimension group code;
c) Mass or mass group code;
d) Ex-factory serial number, batch number, or manufacturing date (may also be noted on the certificate of conformity);
e) Orientation markings for piston installation (for pistons with asymmetrical structures).
7.1.2 Markings shall be permanent. The location, dimensions, and method of marking shall conform to the product drawing specifications, but shall not damage the product or affect its use.
7.1.3 The packaging box shall indicate, but is not limited to, the following.
a) Manufacturing enterprise’s name, trademark, and address;
b) Product name, model, and part number;
c) Dimension group code;
d) Mass or mass group code;
e) Quantity;
f) Executive standard number;
g) Quality certification marking;
h) Packaging date.
7.2 Packaging
7.2.1 Each piston must be cleaned and treated with anti-corrosion measures before packaging.
Each piston shall be wrapped in moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant materials before being placed in a packaging box to ensure that it is not damaged during normal transportation.
7.2.2 Each packaging box shall contain pistons of the same model, dimension group, and mass group.
7.2.3 Each packaging box shall include a product certificate of conformity signed and stamped by the inspector of the manufacturing enterprise’s inspection department.
7.2.4 Packaged pistons shall be placed in cardboard boxes or dedicated wooden crates, with double-layered waterproof paper lining the inside. The total mass of the boxes shall not exceed
50 kg.
7.2.5 If the user has special requirements, those requirements shall be followed.
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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 14 pages — is available in the English PDF.
Referenced standards
Normative references
- GB/T 1031Geometrical product specifications(GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Surface roughness parameters and their values
- GB/T 1148Internal combustion engines - Aluminium pistons
- GB/T 2828.1Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
- GB/T 10610Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -- Surface texture: Profile method -- Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture
- QC/T 283Automobile engine - Piston with ring carrier
- QC/T 553Metallographic inspection of cast aluminium pistons for automobile and motorcycle engines
JB/T 14615
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Related Standards
GB/T 1031-2009 — Geometrical product specifications(GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Surface roughness parameters and their values
GB/T 10319-2008 — General specifications for marine pneumatic measurement and control instruments
GB/T 10610-2009 — Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -- Surface texture: Profile method -- Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture
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