MT/T 769-1998Adaptability test method for open-cast mines mining dump trucks (English PDF)

1 Scope 1

2 Normative references 1

3 Definition 1

4 General requirements 1

5 Preparation before test 2

6 Ground pressure test 2

7 Ramp test 3

8 Continuous working thermal equilibrium temperature test 5

9 Pneumatic system test 5

10 Brake system test 6

11 Steering performance test 7

12 Fuel consumption test 8

13 Difficulty of hydraulic dumping mechanism 8

14 Seat comfort test 9

15 Cab dust performance test 9

16 Cab heating and defrosting performance test 9

Appendix A (Prompted Appendix) Test Record Form 15

Adaptability test method for open-pit coal mine dump truck

1 Scope

This standard specifies the instruments, items, contents, methods and data for the adaptability test of dump trucks for open-pit mining deal with.

This standard applies to diesel-powered dump trucks.

2 Reference standards the following standards contain provisions that, through reference in this standard, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions shown were all is effective. All standards will be revised, and all parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards.

1334-1077 Road test methods for trucks and off-road vehicles GB J22-1987 Code for design of roads in factories and mines JB 3692-1984 Quality requirements for heavy mining dump trucks JB 3694-1984 Test method for typesetting of heavy mining dump trucks JB/T 7641.1-1994 technical conditions for electric drive mining dump trucks JB/T 7641.2-1994 test method for electric drive mining dump truck ISO

2631 Evaluation Guide for Human Body Sustained with Whole Body Vibration

3 Definition

This standard uses the following definition.

3.1 Minimg Dump Truck dump trucks Mine load 15 Above t, diesel-powered dump trucks.

3.2 open-pit

A site with a complete production system for open-pit mining.

3.3 Dumping Site

site

A place where stacks are stacked.

3.4 Full load

load

The dump truck is rated for full load ± 5%.

4 General requirements

4.1 The dump truck selected by the mine shall be a national stereotyped product, and its overall vehicle performance index and mechanical transmission vehicle shall comply with JB 3692, Electric transmission cars should Conform to JB/T 7641.1.

4.2 According to the results measured by this standard, the relevant technical documents of the dump truck shall be met. Miners and vehicle manufacturers have special characteristics for dump trucks Requirements, in addition to meeting the requirements of this standard, vehicles should be evaluated according to special requirements.

4.3 All assemblies and parts of the dump truck shall be adjusted, inspected and assembled in accordance with the official drawings and technical documents, and the adjustment status shall conform to the vehicle Provision of technical conditions.

4.4 Each main assembly of the dump truck shall have a formal factory inspection or test report for the product.

4.5 The various oil, grease, brake pads and coolant grades used by the dump truck shall comply with the technical requirements of the truck or the provisions of the current national standards.

When the requirements cannot be met, the substitute oil and grease should be tested and detailed records should be made.

4.6 The tire pressure shall comply with the manufacturer's regulations, and the error shall not exceed the specified value ± 10 kPa, and make a good record.

4.7 During the test, the engine water temperature and the oil temperature of each assembly shall meet the requirements of the vehicle's instruction manual.

4.8 During the performance test of the dump truck into the mine, it is not allowed to replace parts at will, and if it has to be replaced, it must be approved by the test organization and Make detailed records.

4.9 During the test, normal technical maintenance shall be performed according to the dump truck instruction manual, and detailed records shall be made.

4.10 The weight of the dump truck during the test shall meet the full load requirements of the truck.

4.11 Test road conditions and climatic conditions refer to GB 1334.

5 Preparation before test

5.1 Dump Truck Inspection

5.1.1 Register the name, model, main assembly number and date of manufacture of the dump truck.

5.1.2 Check the main technical documents of the dump truck, and register the inspection results of all assemblies and components and the materials of the main structural parts.

5.1.3 According to the requirements of the product technical documents, check the integrity of the registered dump truck assembly and accessories, the degree of tightening of external fasteners, and each assembly.

The amount of lubricating oil, cooling fluid and the fixation of various pipelines.

5.1.4 Check that the assembly of each part should be in good performance, running smoothly, no noise, stable engine idling, and normal oil pressure.

5.2 Running-in of dump truck

5.2.1 The running-in mileage of the dump truck before the test, the driving method during the running-in period, the speed limit, the replacement of various greases, the load limit, etc.

According to the manufacturer's technical documents.

5.2.2 During the running-in period, the fastening conditions of each part of the dump truck and the working conditions of each assembly should be regularly checked.

Make detailed records.

5.3 Test instrument requirements Various test instruments and equipment for testing should be regularly verified by the national metrology department, and their range and accuracy should be selected in accordance with national technical supervision Quality inspection requirements.

6 Ground pressure test

6.1 Test purpose

Measure the average specific pressure of the front and rear wheels of the dump truck on the ground.

6.2 Test conditions

6.2.1 Choose a flat, dry site with similar conditions to the stope, dump, and trunk road.

6.2.2 The dump truck is uniformly loaded to 100% ~ 105% of the rated load.

6.2.3 The tire pressure shall be in accordance with 4.6.

6.2.4 The tyre shall be selected new or the pattern wear shall not exceed 1/3 of the original height.

6.3 Test equipment

Soil firmness meter, face pen, and impression die.

6.4 Test method

6.4.1 Test preparation

6.4.1.1 Use a soil firmness meter to select different cone heads to measure the soil according to the soil softness of the stope, transportation trunk line, and dump site Solidity. Soil firmness is calculated by.

hk m0

Where.

µ --- soil firmness, kPa;

h --- spring pointer displacement, cm;

k --- spring stiffness coefficient, kg/cm;

m0 --- solidity meter mass, kg;

A --- cross-sectional area of the cone head, cm2.

6.4.1.2 The dump truck is fully loaded. Check the loading uniformity to make it as uniform as possible.

6.4.2 Test implementation Park the fully loaded dump truck on a site similar to the soil solidity of a stope, dump, or trunk road.

Put the record in front to get the impression; start the dump truck to stop the wheels on the impression; use a paintbrush to draw the ground impression of each wheel on the impression;

Drive away the vehicle, remove and remove the impression sheet, remove dust and other debris on the sheet, and wait for data processing.

6.5 Data processing

After weighing the mold, cut out the grounding marks of the wheels and weigh them. Calculate the grounding area of each wheel according to the following formula.

Where.

A1 --- Wheel ground mark area, mm2;

m1 --- Quality of wheel ground imprint, g;

m2 --- Quality of the impression die, g;

A2 --- Take the area of the impression sheet, mm2.

According to the ground area and the total mass of the dump truck, calculate the average ground pressure of each wheel according to the following formula.

P = 9.8

Where.

m3 --- the total mass of the dump truck, t;

A1 --- Wheel ground mark area, mm2;

P --- average specific ground pressure, kPa.

7 Ramp test

7.1 Maximum climbing ability test

7.1.1 Test purpose

Assess the climbing ability and working performance of the dump truck, and calculate the maximum climbing degree of the dump truck.

7.1.2 Test conditions

7.1.2.1 The dump truck is fully loaded.

7.1.2.2 The test slope shall be the largest mine slope, and the slope length shall not be less than 50 m.

7.1.3 Test equipment Inclinometers, speedometers (non-contact speedometers or five-wheel meters), ammeters, voltmeters and tape recorders.

7.1.4 Test preparation

7.1.4.1 Make a mark at the selected starting point of the slope, use an inclinometer to measure the actual slope and make a record.

7.1.4.2 The dump truck is fully warmed up and stopped at the idle point before the starting point of the measuring ramp 20 m.

7.1.4.3 Preheat the test instrument to working condition.

7.1.5 Test implementation After the dump truck starts on the flat road, it should not exceed 10 the speed of km/h drives towards the selected test ramp. When the dump truck enters the maximum climb at that time, the driver fully presses the accelerator pedal to climb the hill, and the tester starts to measure, and uses a speedometer to record the speed, time and distance of the entire hill climb.

The electric transmission vehicle records the output DC voltage and DC current of the generator at the same time.

7.1.6 Data processing

7.1.6.1 Draw the following curves based on the data recorded by the recorder.

a) Vehicle speed --- climbing time curve;

b) Vehicle speed --- climbing curve

c) generator voltage, current --- climbing time curve (electric drive car).

7.1.6.2 Calculate the maximum gradient of the dump truck.

a) The calculation of mechanical transmission vehicle is as follows.

tanalpham = tansin-1 m3

· Sinalpha

Where.

tanalpham --- maximum climbing degree,%;

alpham --- maximum climbing angle, (°);

if --- lowest gear ratio ia --- the actual total speed ratio during the test;

m --- the total mass of the dump truck at rated full load, t;

alpha --- The actual climbing angle during the test, (°).

b) The calculation of the electric vehicle is as follows.

tanalpham = tansin-1 m3 m × Mmax Ma sin (alpha tan-1fa)-tan-1f where.

Ma --- actual measurement of the torque of the traction motor when climbing, N · m;

Mmax --- maximum torque of traction motor, Nm fa --- the actual rolling resistance coefficient of the test road, which can be approximated by the road design value;

f --- the rolling resistance coefficient of the ramp specified by the manufacturer, f = 2%.

7.2 Continuous climbing temperature rise test

7.2.1 Test purpose

After the continuous climbing of the dump truck, the temperature rise of the main assembly and the ability to continuously climb the long slope were measured.

7.2.2 Test conditions

7.2.2.1 Select continuous, long slopes with flat, hard, dry roads in the mining area, with an average slope of 4% to 8%, with a slope length of not less than 1 km.

7.2.2.2 Ambient temperature 25 ~ 35 °C.

7.2.3 Test equipment Same as 7.1.3.

7.2.4 Test method

7.2.4.1 Test preparation Dump truck is fully loaded, stopped and tested before the slope and recorded. engine water temperature, oil oil temperature, transmission, torque converter and main reducer oil temperature, braking Surface temperature, air pressure, air temperature, wind direction, wind speed.

7.2.4.2 Test implementation Dump truck with 10 the km/h stable vehicle speed started to climb the hill, and the driver fully pressed the accelerator pedal. Under the conditions of ensuring safe driving, Climb the hill as fast as possible. When the dump truck enters the starting point of the climbing, use the speedometer to start recording the speed, time and distance during the long climbing.

Use a voltmeter, ammeter, or recorder to record the generator output voltage and current (electric drive vehicle) during the long climb. After climbing the long slope, Test 7.2.4.1. The above test was repeated three times.

7.2.5 Data processing

7.2.5.1 Draw the following curves based on the results recorded by the speedometer and recorder.

a) Speed-climbing time curve;

b) Speed-climbing travel curve.

7.2.5.2 The test results shall be filled in according to Table A1 of Appendix A.

8 Continuous working thermal equilibrium temperature test

8.1 Test Purpose

Measure the constant temperature of the radiator of the water tank during continuous operation of the dump truck under high temperature conditions in summer.

8.2 Test conditions

8.2.1 Select the typical working conditions for the actual production in the mining area, and the road for the dump truck is the main line of the mining area.

8.2.2 Ambient temperature 25 ~ 35 °C.

8.2.3 The bucket capacity of the dump truck shall be able to meet the loading requirements.

8.2.4 The bucket capacity of the shovel equipment should match the dump truck.

8.3 Test equipment

Remote thermometer.

8.4 Test method

The dump truck is fully preheated to normal working conditions, and records the initial radiator water temperature and environmental conditions, including atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind direction, Wind speed. The dump truck started to work normally. During the work, the driver must not stop at high idle speed, and no abnormal standby time should occur. Record the test.

The loading and unloading water temperature, environmental conditions, the time of each link of the working cycle and the total cycle time in each working cycle to the radiator water temperature it reaches the equilibrium state or the temperature of the dump truck keeps rising and exceeds the safe operating range of the dump truck.

8.5 Data processing

8.5.1 Record the results according to Appendix A, Table A2.

8.5.2 Draw a temperature-time curve based on the recorded results.

9 Pneumatic system test

9.1 Air compressor inflation test

9.1.1 Test purpose

Measure the inflation time of the dump truck from low pressure to the highest inflation pressure.

9.1.2 Test conditions Choose a flat, dry parking lot.

9.1.3 Test method

After starting the dump truck to be tested and warming up to the normal working state, open the air storage valve of the air compressor to deflate to the minimum pressure; close the valve the door and dump truck are inflated under two conditions of low idle speed and high idle speed.

9.1.4 Data processing

9.1.4.1 Calculate the inflation rate according to the following formula.

P1-P2

Where.

U --- inflation rate, MPa/s;

P1 --- Maximum inflation pressure of air compressor, MPa;

P2 --- Minimum deflation pressure of air compressor, MPa;

T --- inflation time, s.

9.1.4.2 The calculation results shall be filled in according to Table A3 of Appendix A.

9.2 Starting voltage drop test

9.2.1 Test purpose

Measure the number of starts that can be achieved from the maximum storage pressure to the minimum starting pressure, and calculate the pressure drop for one start.

9.2.2 Test conditions Same as 9.1.2.

9.2.3 Test method

Fill the gas storage tank pressure to the highest value, shut down the engine, record the inflation pressure, engine water temperature, oil temperature. Start continuously until Minimum starting air pressure, record the air pressure value after each start.

9.2.4 Data processing Record the results according to Appendix A, Form A4.

9.3 Sealing test of pneumatic system

9.3.1 Test purpose

Measure the leakage of air system.

9.3.2 Test equipment Thermometer, barometer.

9.3.3 Test method

Park the vehicle in the parking lot to keep the air compressor inflated to the maximum inflation pressure and turn off the engine. Record closing time, storage Gas cylinder pressure, atmospheric pressure, air temperature. Every 2 h Record the air pressure and atmospheric temperature of the gas storage tank once, continuous test 24 h.

9.3.4 Data processing the recorded results are plotted against a pressure-time curve.

10 Brake system test

10.1 Emergency braking test

10.1.1 Test purpose

Determine the braking capacity of the auxiliary braking system of the dump truck.

10.1.2 Test conditions

10.1.2.1 The braking system needs to be inspected and adjusted, and various indicators should meet the requirements of the technical conditions of the vehicle.

10.1.2.2 Dump truck is fully loaded.

10.1.2.3 The test chooses road sections with smooth, hard, dry and straight roads as the test roads.

10.1.3 Test equipment Speedometer.

10.1.4 Test method

Drive the fully loaded dump truck to the test section, and accelerate to 30 km/h;

The emergency brake lever is placed in the braking position. Use a speedometer to record the initial speed before braking, speed, distance and time during braking. Test round trip Perform 2 times and take the average.

10.1.5 Data processing

10.1.5.1 Based on the test data, draw the following curves.

a) Speed-time curve;

b) Brake deceleration-time curve.

10.1.5.2 The test results shall be filled in according to Table A5 of Appendix A.

10.2 Thermal decay test of brake working system

10.2.1 Test purpose

Measure the continuous braking capacity of the dump truck.

10.2.2 Test conditions

10.2.2.1 Same as 10.1.2.1.

10.2.2.2 The test is to select smooth, dry and hard roads, and the road conditions are the same as those of the main roads in the mining area.

10.2.3 Test equipment Speedometer, point thermometer.

10.2.4 Test method

Preheat the fully loaded dump truck to a normal working state, drive to the test section, and accelerate the full pressure accelerator pedal to 30 km/h, using feet Brake brake. Set a benchmark at the initial braking start point, repeat the acceleration-braking process (no less than 8 times) to the starting position, and do the last one Brake test. Record each braking time, braking distance, and brake temperature.

10.2.5 Data processing

10.2.5.1 Draw the braking distance-braking times-brake temperature curve according to the recorded data.

10.2.5.2 Fill in the recorded data according to Table A6 in Appendix A.

10.3 Dynamic deceleration test on long and downhill slopes

10.3.1 Test purpose

Examine the working ability of the dump truck's dynamic braking system.

10.3.2 Test conditions

10.3.2.1 The dump truck is fully loaded.

10.3.2.2 The test chooses a smooth, solid, dry, continuous long slope, and the slope length is generally not less than 1 km, slope 4% ~ 8%.

10.3.3 Test equipment Inclinometer, speedometer.

10.3.4 Test method

The dump truck travels to the starting point of the downhill at full load, and the mechanical transmission vehicle starts at 30 km/h, electric transmission vehicle at 25 km/h speed downhill. Trial begins After that, the driver releases the accelerator pedal and simultaneously presses the power brake pedal to the maximum position and keeps it until the end of the downhill. Use a speedometer to measure Speed, distance, time.

10.3.5 Data processing Draw slope-speed-slope length curve based on test data

10.4 Parking brake standing slope test

10.4.1 Test purpose

Determine the parking brake's standing performance.

10.4.2 Test conditions

10.4.2.1 The dumper shall adjust the brake clearance according to the technical conditions. The tire pressure is specified in 4.5, and the tire requires new or pattern wear.

More than 1/3 of the original height.

10.4.2.2 Select flat, hard, dry, and steepest roads (not exceeding 15%) as the test site.

10.4.3 Test equipment Inclinometer, stopwatch.

10.4.4 Test method

The dump truck is fully loaded, use the working brake to park the car on the selected ramp, use the parking brake to stop the engine, and relax the work Brake, put the shift lever in neutral position, observe 5 Whether there is a landslide phenomenon. The same test is performed once in both directions of uphill and downhill.

11 Steering performance test

11.1 Emergency steering test

11.1.1 Test purpose

Test the working ability of the dump truck's auxiliary steering system.

11.1.2 Test conditions

11.1.2.1 The test site shall be a flat, solid and dry square with a range not less than the two minimum turning diameters of the dump truck.

11.1.2.2 Wheel toe and tire pressure shall meet the technical requirements of the vehicle, and the tire requires new or tread wear that does not exceed the original height.

11.1.3 Test equipment Steering angle meter, XY recorder.

11.1.4 Test method

11.1.4.1 Test preparation.

a) Install the steering angle meter on the steering wheel of the dump truck and connect with the XY recorder to enter the working state;

b) Draw the emergency steering driving route at the selected test site according to Figure 1.

figure 1

11.1.4.2 Test implementation.

Drive the full-load dump truck at a low speed to the test starting point in Figure 1, turn off the engine and turn on the auxiliary steering pump switch to keep the vehicle on the route shown in Figure 1.

When driving, determine the time to complete the emergency steering, the steering force, the steering angle, and the dump truck stroke.

11.2 Minimum turning diameter test Minimum turning diameter test per GB 1334.

12 Fuel consumption test

12.1 Idle fuel consumption test Idle fuel consumption test according to JB/T 7641.2.

12.2 Constant speed fuel consumption test Constant speed fuel consumption test according to JB/T 7641.2.

12.3 Accelerated fuel consumption test

12.3.1 Test purpose

Check the fuel consumption of the vehicle under full acceleration.

12.3.2 Test conditions

12.3.2.1 Choose smooth, dry, clean, straight line segments with a length of not less than.200 m's main line.

12.3.2.2 Test conditions. no load and full load.

12.3.3 Test equipment Flow meter (2 sets), automatic exhaust tank (1), speed meter.

12.3.4 Test method

Stop the dump truck that has been warmed up to the normal working state to the starting point of the measurement section. The tester adjusts the testing instrument to the working state.

Tester under full pressure accelerator pedal to 30 km/h. Record the oil intake, oil return and time during the acceleration process. Three round trips each.

12.3.5 Data Processing Calculate 0 ~ 30 according to the recorded result km/h acceleration fuel consumption.

13 difficult test of hydraulic dumping mechanism Test items and test methods according to GB 3694.

14 Seat comfort test

14.1 Test Purpose

Measure the time during which the dump truck is fatigued due to vibration during the actual production process at the mining site.

14.2 Test conditions

14.2.1 Select the main transportation line of the mine, the loading equipment matches the bucket capacity of the dump truck, and there should be no abnormal waiting time for loading.

14.2.2 The driver's seat shall be new or newer.

14.3 Test equipment

Triaxial seat cushion acceleration sensor, human body response vibrometer, speedometer.

14.4 Test method

Put the triaxial cushion-type acceleration sensor on the driver's seat, drive the dump truck to the stope, and start the test load --- full load operation-Unloading --- no-load operation --- load the acceleration value of the driver's seat in three directions throughout the production process. Test 2 cycles per trial, try the test is repeated 3 times, and the same working conditions and vehicle speed are maintained as much as possible during the test.

14.5 Data Processing

14.5.1 According to test results according to ISO

2631 Calculation of the fatigue curve of the whole body of the human body time.

14.5.2 The calculation results shall be filled in according to Table A7 in Appendix A.

15 Cab dust performance test

15.1 Test Purpose

Test the cab's dust-tight seal.

15.2 Test conditions

15.2.1 For the test, three working conditions are selected. mine stope, dump, and operation.

15.2.2 Climatic conditions. The test should be in spring and autumn.

15.3 Test equipment

Thermometer, anemometer, dust meter.

15.4 Test preparation

15.4.1 Close the doors and windows of the cab of the dump truck and park in the wind at the loading and unloading site of the mine.

15.4.2 Install the dust meter.

15.5 Test implementation Take the air sample according to the dust meter test requirements 30 Determine the dust content in the cab.

15.6 Test of operating conditions, driving on dusty roads, followed by dust dump trucks 30 min, speed 20 km/h Amount of dust.

16 Cab heating and defrosting performance test