LY/T 3177-2020The cultivation technology regulation of main perennial flowers (English PDF)

4.1 Site preparation

Before planting, level the field, turn 25-50cm deep, loosen the soil, and remove weeds, tree roots, dead branches, and more than 3cm in the cultivated land the rocks and other harmful pollutants that are easy to damage or affect the growth of plants and the source of pests and diseases.

4.2 Soil improvement

According to different conditions such as soil structure, organic matter content, drainage, etc., soil improvement is carried out before planting, and the substrate (grass, sand, Organic fertilizer, etc.) is applied to the planting land, mixed with the original soil in a certain proportion within the deep turning range, and the soil is improved to level the land.

4.3 Digging holes

It is formed by digging down all around on the leveled ground with the planting point as the center. The size of the planting hole depends on the size of the seedlings.

4.4 Seedling selection

The incoming seedlings (bare-rooted seedlings or container seedlings) have developed root systems, strong plants, normal color, no mechanical damage, and no pests. Incoming seedlings the specifications follow the actual application order requirements in the field of landscaping, or are classified according to quality traits such as seedling size.

Seedling grading refers to GB/T 18247.5 main flower product grades (Part 5 Flower Seedlings).

5.1 Planting time

Container seedlings can be planted all year round depending on the geographical conditions; bare root seedlings are suitable for cultivation at a temperature of 10 to 22 °C, or an average temperature of 10 °C or more Planting on cloudy days or sunny days after rain, or in the morning or evening of hot season.

5.2 Planting method

After the container seedlings are removed from the pot, they are planted in the planting hole. After being covered with soil, they should be pressed lightly at a distance of 1 to 2 cm from the ground; bare root seedlings should spread the roots evenly the depth should be the same as the original planting depth; the row spacing of the open field plants should be planted according to the design requirements. Water thoroughly after planting and replenish water in time, Keep the soil moist.

6.1 Cultivation and weeding

According to the condition of soil moisture and compaction, inter-tillage shall not be less than once in the growing season, and weeding shall be timely during the growing season.

6.2 Top dressing

6.2.1 Topdressing time

Top dressing 2 to 3 months after planting. In the following year and beyond, in areas without dormancy period, topdressing will be applied throughout the year. Areas with dormancy period, top dressing in the growing season.

6.2.2 Types of top dressing

In spring, the rapid growth period is mainly nitrogen fertilizer; the flowering period is mainly full-effect fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; in areas with dormant period, appropriate increase in application before winter Phosphorus potassium fertilizer.

6.2.3 Top dressing method

According to the specific situation, choose the top dressing methods such as point application, furrow application and spreading application. Water in time after each fertilization.

6.3 Trimming

According to different plant growth cycles and states, cut off dead leaves, pest branches and leaves, and remaining scapes (branches). After the plants are dormant, cut off the dry branches Leaves, the height of the above-ground part of the plant is 5-15cm.

6.4 Watering

According to the weather, soil dryness and wetness, and plant condition, watering should be carried out at the right time to keep the soil moist, combined with cultivating soil loosening. Summer high when it is warm, irrigation should be carried out in the morning and evening to avoid the high temperature period around noon. Areas with low rainfall should increase watering frequency according to soil moisture. After heavy rain Drain timely.

6.5 Pouring and freezing water and turning green water

In northern areas, pour enough frozen water before the soil is frozen, and pour the water back in time before the dormant buds start to sprout in early spring.

In the south, watering should be stopped when the above-ground parts begin to wither; water should be watered in time in the early spring of the following year.

6.6 Replanting and updating

Check the survival of the plants in time after planting. After the end of the dormant season, check the re-greening of the plants, and promptly enter the missing, diseased, and weak seedlings.

Line replacement and update. After 3 to 5 years of planting, it can be replanted depending on the growth of the plant. If repeated cropping, soil treatment should be carried out.

6.7 Prevention and control of pests and diseases

The principle of "prevention first, scientific prevention and control" should be followed to control pests and diseases. The main plant diseases and insect pests and control measures are shown in Attached Table A.1 and Attached Table A.2.

Appendix A

(Informative appendix) Main diseases and control measures of main perennial flowers

Table A.1 shows the main diseases and control measures of main perennial flowers