LY/T 3114-2019Technical Code for Protection of Migratory Siberian Cranes in Songnen Plain, Northeast China (English PDF)

4.1 Protection

4.1.1 Protection of migratory populations of white cranes

4.1.1.1 Public education on white crane species protection

In conjunction with the habitat protection of white crane resting habitats, education on white crane species knowledge, living habits, habitats, and the significance of protection is carried out.

4.1.1.2 Conducting field patrols

Carry out patrols to the resting places and potential resting places of white cranes, and find out and stop the behaviors that interfere with the resting of white cranes.

Stop and report legal acts.

4.1.1.3 Field rescue

4.1.1.3.1 Prerequisites requiring ambulance

In the following cases, field rescue treatment is required.

a) When field patrols or local people report that a disabled individual is found;

b) When field patrols or local people report finding frail and sick individuals;

c) When a special natural disaster threatens the survival of the resting crane population.

4.1.1.3.2 Disability, individual patient rescue process

The process of implementing field rescue includes.

a) Diagnose in a timely manner and determine the type of injury or illness in order to take follow-up measures;

-The main trauma symptoms include limb injuries;

-The main symptoms of poisoning include paralysis, coma, miscarriage, defecation, shrinking pupils, decreased body temperature, and arrhythmia.

b) Implement treatment.

-First aid for the disabled. Hemostasis--Wound cleaning--Local application--Suture dressing--Systemic therapy;

-First aid for poisoned individuals. control the source of the poison-eliminate the poison-apply antidote-implement the necessary systemic symptomatic treatment;

-First aid for individuals with disease. Isolation of sick cranes-Medication and systemic treatment based on the disease that can be diagnosed, but by country that cannot be diagnosed "Terrestrial wildlife epidemic source disease surveillance specification (trial)" was reported and handled.

d) It is also necessary to record the discovery time and place of the rescued individuals, the types of pesticides and pesticides used in the surrounding area, the toxic emissions from the factory, Information on animal epidemics.

4.1.1.3.3 Management of rescued individuals

The rescued white crane individuals should be managed according to specific conditions.

a) Those who can fly directly should be released in situ, and the environmental awareness of flying individuals should be promoted;

b) For individuals who have lost or partially lost their viability in the wild, such as severed wings, severed legs, severe defects in the beak, and need further treatment, Recovered individuals should be sent to protected areas or ambulance centers and other qualified breeding units for subsequent disposal, and then determined according to the individual's situation.

It is determined to continue artificial domestication as an animal source for scientific research and popular science missions, or to be released in a timely manner.

4.1.1.3.4 Emergency plan for population protection

Under the following circumstances, the responsible units shall formulate and submit an emergency plan for the protection of the white crane population in the following circumstances.

a) Prior to Baihe's relocation, the key plan for emergency replenishment and drainage when the water level in the resting place is too high or too low. water depth control index. spring water Depth < 20cm, autumn 5cm ~ 40cm;

b) Supplementary feeding emergency management plan in case of sudden low temperature freeze, blizzard, etc .. The supplementary feeding site should choose a wetland week suitable for Baihe to stop Edge wet meadow area or farmland, post, supplementary food types can be corn and other seed seeds;

c) In the event of a major epidemic, an emergency plan should be implemented in conjunction with wild animal epidemic disease prevention and control deployment;

d) Under special circumstances such as the sudden increase in the intensity of human interference, increase protection patrol plans.

4.1.2 Stop-and-go protection

4.1.2.1 Publicity and education on habitat protection

The content of the mission includes the basic characteristics of Baihe Park, main distribution areas, knowledge about wetland protection, wildlife and habitat protection.

Relevant laws and regulations; local media such as radio, television, internet, etc. can be used for various activities such as bird love week, earth day, wetland day, etc.

Student knowledge competition, printing and distribution of publicity pictures, leaflets, wall charts and other ways to carry out missionary work.

4.1.2.2 Carry out field patrols

Carry out patrols to the resting places and potential resting places in the parking area of Baihe, find and deal with existing problems, and solve problems that cannot be solved Report and report back to the relevant authorities in a timely manner.

4.1.2.3 Management of various production activities in the region

4.1.2.3.1 Supervise agricultural production activities in the vicinity of the main resting place during the period of Baihe suspension;

4.1.2.3.2 Implement grazing ban or periodical grazing ban; implement phased banning fishing in key white crane distribution areas;

4.1.2.3.3 Supervise human activities such as crane watching and bird photography;

4.1.2.3.4 It is strictly forbidden to discharge pollution sources such as industrial wastewater into the existing and potential stoppages of Baihe.

4.1.2.3.5 Records of patrols for protection of populations and resting places are shown in Table B.1.

4.2 Monitoring

4.2.1 Monitoring content and indicators

4.2.1.1 Monitoring of migratory populations of white cranes

Track and monitor the white crane population during migration and rest periods, including.

a) Population size, proportion of juveniles, including the maximum number of populations at each specific monitoring point and monitoring resting place;

b) Changes in populations of white cranes at different stages during the main rest period;

c) period of rest, relocation time, relocation time, peak period of quantity;

d) Type of resting microhabitat.

4.2.1.2 Monitoring Contents and Indicators

With reference to the Biodiversity Survey of the Nature Reserve (LY/T 1813) and the Wild Plant Resources Survey Regulations (LY/T 1820), the White Crane is involved the rest monitoring includes.

a) Parking area. including parking area and specific parking area;

b) Water quality of the resting place. such as water pH, salinity, water temperature;

c) Types and distribution of vegetation at rest sites. refer to the relevant content of the biodiversity survey of the nature reserves (LY/T 1814);

d) Other major associated waterbirds. rare and endangered waterbirds such as other cranes and storks, as well as dominant species and common species at monitoring sites;

e) The main food types and resources of white cranes. such as flat straw sedges, Sanjiang sedges in swamp waters, and scattered grassland habitats.

Falling corn, etc.

f) Types and intensity of human activities. such as agricultural activities, animal husbandry activities, fishing, etc. See Table B.1 for interference levels.

g) Status of potential habitats and historical habitats. such as location, area, and type of vegetation. See Table B.3.

4.2.2 Time and range

4.2.2.1 Time and frequency

Monitoring time. The entire period of the white crane migration rest period, usually March 10 to May 10 in spring; September 15 to November in autumn on the 15th, it can be adjusted according to the time when Baihe moved in and moved out.

Monitoring frequency. Population monitoring interval is 2-3 days; habitat monitoring interval is 15 days.

4.2.2.2 Scope

Areas where white crane migration has been identified and potential rest areas.

4.2.3 Method

4.2.3.1 Preliminary preparation

a) Prepare implementation plan and print survey form. See Appendix B for the table.

b) Implement monitoring supplies such as vehicles, digital cameras, GPS handhelds, binocular and monocular high-power telescopes, and field recording supplies.

c) Establish a professional monitoring team. Requirements for monitoring staff. good health, education level, and preliminary field observations Knowledge and ability to use relevant monitoring equipment.

d) Technical training. The content includes monitoring methods, identification of white crane adult/sub-adult, larvae and major companion species, form filling, Use of instruments and equipment; training targets include monitoring personnel and related management personnel.

4.2.3.2 Population monitoring

4.2.3.2.1 Adopt the fixed-point double counting method for monitoring. That is, in combination with the population and resting protection and patrol work, Take a break, choose a suitable location for observation, and use two binocular or monocular high-power telescopes to directly observe and record the number of white cranes.

Final quantity

4.2.3.2.2 At the same time record the main associated species such as other cranes, storks, rare, endangered waterbirds, dominant species, common species, etc. in the resting place;

4.2.3.2.3 Monitoring time. It should be carried out between 4. 00 ~ 8. 00 and 16. 00 ~ 19. 00, the specific time is determined by the spring and autumn seasons;

4.2.3.2.4 The field monitoring record table is shown in Table B.2.

4.2.3.3 Stop monitoring

4.2.3.3.1 Use the sample method or sample line method. That is, based on the historical data of monitoring and research on the distribution of white cranes, Set fixed monitoring plots based on factors such as land type, white crane activity range, ecological habits, perspective, and traffic accessibility. For specific methods, see Relevant parts of the biodiversity survey of natural reserves (LY/T 1814) and wild plant resources survey regulations (LY/T 1820)

4.2.3.3.2 Temporary monitoring sample sites can be added according to the actual wetland during the survey;

4.2.3.3.3 For the content requirements of habitat monitoring, see Table B3.

4.2.3.4 Specific implementation

Responsible units should formulate according to the specific location of the Baihe migration stop area in the Songnen Plain and fully consider the climate and other factors of the year.

Annual specific implementation plan to raise funds and organize specific implementation.

4.3 Identification of potential habitats

Areas that meet the following conditions can be identified as potential distribution areas.

a) Types of wetlands. flat-rod yarrow swamp, Sanjiang yarrow swamp, reed yarrow swamp;

b) Wetland swamp area standard. > 50hm2;

c) Water depth. < 20cm in spring and summer, 5cm ~ 40cm in autumn;

d) Degree of human interference. less interference.

4.4 Monitoring report

Prepare a report on the protection and monitoring of migratory white crane populations on an annual basis. The content, format and specific requirements of the report can be found in Informative Appendix A1.

5.1 Evaluation indicators and scoring criteria

5.1.1 Food richness

The criteria for assigning food richness are.

a) Discontinued foods with flat yarrow/Sanjiang yarrow that can meet the food needs of migratory populations of more than 300 larger white cranes Land value is 12 to 15 points;

b) There are flat sedges/Sanjiang sedges, but as a limited supply of food, they cannot meet the needs of 100 to 300 white crane migratory populations.

For food needs during the off-season period, a value of 8 to 11 points is assigned, and the value is assigned according to the amount of barnyard grass resources;

c) Although there are no yarrow plants, there are other food sources that can provide some white crane food conditions. It is assigned a value of 2-7 points.

5.1.2 Resting area

The rest area area is assigned the following criteria.

a) The total area of marsh wetland is less than 500hm2, and the value is less than 5 points;

b) If it exceeds 500h2, each additional 100hm2 will increase by 1 point, and the highest value is 10 points.

5.1.3 Effective area

The effective area allocation criteria are.

a) The area of swamp waters suitable for white crane feeding is less than 50 hm2 and is assigned a value of 1 to 5 points;

b) For every 50 hm2 increase, the value is increased by 1 point, and the highest value is 10 points.

5.1.4 Water source and protection

The water supply guarantee credit criteria are.

a) A stable water source can ensure the normal growth needs of yarrow plants, and ensure that the water depth of the spring and autumn white crane during the migration and rest period is 10cm ~ 40cm Yes, assign 10 points;

b) If the water supply is unstable or completely dependent on water sources such as natural precipitation, the value is less than 5 points, depending on the controllability of the water source.

5.1.5 Human interference strength

The criteria for assigning human interference are.

a) Assign values based on the frequency and intensity of human activities such as grazing, fishing, and farming. The degree of interference is divided into heavy, medium, light, occasional, and none.

The score gradient is 3;

b) A non-disruptive stoppage is assigned a value of 15 points.

5.1.6 Frequency of wetland utilization

The population ( > 50 individuals) scored 1 point for the first use, and the distribution record increased by 2 points for each additional time, up to 10 points.

5.1.7 Resting population size

The size of the resting population is given by.

a) The average resting population is less than 50 and assigned 1 point, and the average population is increased by 2 points for every 50 increase

b) After the population is over 500, assign 15 points.

5.1.8 Downtime

The rest period is shorter than 5 days and is assigned 2 points, and each additional 5 days increases 2 points; the highest point is 15 points.

5.2 Evaluation results

The score evaluation level is shown in the following table.

Table 1 Evaluation results of conservation effectiveness

Grade score description Good > 90 migrating white cranes and stop-and-go protection have excellent results Better 75 ~ 89 75 ~ 89 points, migrating white cranes and stopping in the middle have good protection effect Generally 60 to 74 60 minutes to 74 minutes Difference < 60 < 60 points, migrating white cranes and stop-overs have less effective protection Based on the above evaluation results, based on the full analysis of the existing problems, research and formulate targeted improvement plans.

Appendix A

(Informative appendix) Outline of Annual Report on Protection and Monitoring of Migrating White Crane Population A.1 Outline of annual report on protection and monitoring of migratory white crane populations Chapter 1 Overview

1.1 Introduction to the project area it should include a brief introduction of the natural profile of the project area, such as geographical location and administrative area, and the current status, such as water source, wetland, and area and range of parking areas.

A map of the project area should be attached.

1.2 Objectives and content the overall goals and specific goals to be achieved during the project;

The main work content of the project. it should include population monitoring, resting place monitoring, population and habitat protection.

1.3 Task completion

Specific implementation, including organization, implementation, and brief descriptions of work objectives and content.

Chapter II Working Methods

2.1 Monitoring methods White crane population monitoring method Stop-and-go monitoring method Monitoring time and frequency

2.2 Data processing

Method of quantity summary and statistical analysis Chapter III Monitoring Results

3.1 White crane population and distribution Including the time of moving in and moving out, the number of peak periods, the number of largest groups, the number of migration periods, and the proportion of (sub-adult)/young Main distribution locations, etc.

3.2 Current situation Including the swamp area, vegetation type, water depth, human disturbance type and intensity of the main Baihe stopping points in the monitoring area; potential stopping in the area Break location, area and related indicators.

3.3 Compared with the previous year Changes in population size, distribution, and resting environment.

3.4 White Crane Field Rescue Situation Relief type, quantity and subsequent disposal; implemented Baihe protection emergency plan and implementation.

3.4 Existing problems and suggestions the main factors threatening the resting populations and habitats of white cranes, such as disturbance of human activities, natural environment such as water supply and Drainage capacity, etc., the situation of the project operation itself needs to be improved, and put forward targeted recommendations.

4 Attachments

Figure. Draw a schematic diagram of the annual distribution of white cranes, including the location of the main distribution points of white cranes in spring and autumn;

Draw a schematic diagram of the distribution of the main parking spots of Baihe, which should include the location and scope of the main parking spots and the location and scope of the main potential parking spots.

Table. Summary of monitoring numbers and distribution of white crane populations in different seasons, including maximum daily monitoring numbers, maximum population numbers in spring and autumn, and major population to distribute points Habitat monitoring information summary table, including; types of habitat vegetation used by white cranes, main associated species, and existing problems;

Summary table of Baihe field rescue situation statistics.

Appendix B

(Informative appendix) form B.1 Management records of patrolling stops of Baihe in XXX project area Date of patrol. year, month, day Weather. patrol person.

Patrol location. Patrol area. Patrol mode.

Geographical coordinates. Starting point. N, E; Altitude.

Finish. N, E; Altitude.

Temporal microhabitat type population Human activities Type and strength Problems and treatment Remarks.

Note. Instructions for filling in the form.

Site of patrol. the name of the administrative area of the project Patrol area. Name of specific patrol area (wetland) Geographical coordinates. Degree-minute-second format Habitat characteristics. Implemented according to the "International Survey and Monitoring of Wildlife Resources" (Revised Edition) Patrol mode. walking, motorcycle, car Types and intensity of human activities. Types include. grazing, agricultural activities, fishing operations, others (specifically marked); intensity. none is none, occasionally and Small scale is weak, some small scale is weak, some large scale is strong, some large scale is strong, draw "×" to select Handling situation. discouragement, criticism education, administrative punishment, criminal punishment, etc.

Note. Fill in the main associated species, such as rare and endangered waterbirds, and environmental indicator species.

B.2 Field monitoring record of migratory white crane population in XXX project area Monitoring date. year, month, day, weather.

Monitoring location. Ranger.

Unit. Only

Monitoring area

recording

time

Quantity

Daily maximum

Quantity

Microhabitat

Types of

Geographical coordinates total Adult and Sub-adult Larvae NE Remarks.

Note. Instructions for filling in the form.

Monitoring location. the name of the county, township (town) administrative area Monitoring area. Name of specific monitoring area (wetland) Recording time. the time when Baihe was monitored, in HH. mm format Geographical coordinates. the coordinates of the site where the crane group was found, in the format of degree-minute-second Microhabitat characteristics. reed marshes, reed-yak grass swamps, yarrow swamps, wet meadows, farmland/gangland, other Total. Total number of white cranes in the monitoring area Adults and sub-adults. Number of white cranes except juveniles Number of larvae. individuals with different body feathers and adult colors Maximum number of days. the maximum number of observations per day in each monitoring area Note. Fill in the main associated species, such as rare and end...