LY/T 3094-2019Technical regulation for Epimedium brevicornu cultivation under forest canopy (English PDF)

3.1 Environmental conditions

The atmospheric environment should meet the requirements of GB 3095, the irrigation water should meet the requirements of GB 5084, and the soil environment should meet the requirements of GB 15618.

3.2 Forest types

Broad-leaved forests, coniferous forests, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, and shrub forests with 50% to 70% coverage should be selected.

3.3 Soil conditions

It is better to choose sandy loam soil with a thickness of >=40 cm, loose soil, rich in organic matter, and slightly acidic to neutral partial alkali with good drainage.

3.4 Terrain and Landform Conditions

Planting areas with a semi-sloping or shady slope, a slope below 25 °, and an altitude of 500 m to 2500 m should be selected.

4.1 Forest preparation

Use bands or blocks to clear weeds from planting belts or planting holes.

4.2 Fertilization

In the way of spreading, rotten farm manure is applied to the planting belt, and the fertilizer amount is 2 kg/m2 to 3 kg/m2.

4.3 Turn over

Combined with the application of farm manure to turn the ground, the ground depth is more than 20 cm, so that the soil is fully mixed.

4.4 Making a bed

It can be made as a flat bed or a high bed. The bed height is 0.1 m, the bed width is 1.2 m to 1.5 m, and the length is generally 20 m. It can also be changed according to the terrain to level the bed.

5.1 Seedling Quality Classification

See Appendix A.

5.2 Seed selection

The first and second stage epimedium seedlings with strong growth, no pests and diseases and no mechanical damage should be selected. Requirement I and II qualified rate 90% or more.

5.3 Planting time

Planted in spring, autumn or winter.

5.4 Planting density

4000 to 5000 plants are planted per 667 m2, which can also be adjusted appropriately according to actual conditions such as site conditions and stand conditions.

5.5 Planting methods

5.5.1 Seedling planting

1-year-old seedlings are used. On the prepared bed surface, a planting trench is dug perpendicular to the bed at a row spacing of 20 cm to 25 cm. The depth is 8 cm to 10 cm.

The plant spacing is 10 cm ~ 15 cm, the seedlings are placed to stretch the fibrous roots, the soil is covered by 6 cm ~ 8 cm, and the litter is covered by 3 cm ~ 5 cm after compaction.

5.5.2 Seedling planting

Divide the seedlings with soil, and dig and plant according to the plant distance of 10 cm to 15 cm and row spacing of 20 cm to 25 cm. Cover the soil with 6 cm to 8 cm.

Cover litter from 3 cm to 5 cm.

5.5.3 Cutting planting

The excised rhizome was cut to a length of 8 cm to 10 cm, and the root was immersed in ABT5 rooting powder solution at 50 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg for 5 s. Press 20 Dig a planting ditch with a row spacing of cm to 25 cm perpendicular to the bed, a depth of 8 cm to 10 cm, place the rhizomes at a plant spacing of 10 cm to 15 cm in the trench, and then cover the soil is 6 cm-8 cm, and the litter is covered by 3 cm-5 cm after compaction.

6.1 Replanting

After the seedlings survive in the following spring, remove dead seedlings, weak seedlings, and diseased seedlings in time, and use live seedlings or branch seedlings for replanting, ensuring that Save about 4,000 to 5,000 plants.

6.2 Soil weeding

Generally, weeding is carried out 3 times a year, after leaf spreading, young fruiting period and after harvesting.

6.3 Topdressing

6.3.1 Topdressing

Fertilize twice during the growing season of the first year of planting, and spray 300 mg/kg compound microbial inoculum, or 5406 bacterial fertilizer liquid, or 0.5% ~ 1.0% urea solution; the second time in the young fruit period, spray 0.2% ~ 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or 0.01% ~ 0.05% boric acid, or 2% Superphosphate.

6.3.2 Top application of budding fertilizer

In the growing period after the second year of planting, top-up fertilization was applied once, and inorganic nitrogen fertilizers of 6 g/m2 to 8 g/m2, or 15 g/m2 to 45 g/m2 were applied.

Machine compound fertilizer.

6.3.3 Top application

After harvesting, apply 1 kg/m2 ~ 2 kg/m2 of decomposed and mature farmhouse fertilizer once, or 15 g/m2 ~ 45 g/m2 of organic compound fertilizer.

6.4 Water management

When the soil is dry, it is better to irrigate in the morning and at night; when the soil accumulates water, it should be drained in time.

6.5 Pest and disease control

See Appendix B. The use of pesticides shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB 4285 and GB/T 8321.

7.1 Harvest

7.1.1 Harvest time

Harvest in autumn.

7.1.2 Collection method

Cut off the stems and leaves of the ground, select the impurities, thick stems and mixed foreign matter, tie them into small bundles, and cut while binding. When cutting stems and leaves, it is not advisable to use a knife Cut into the soil to prevent injury to rhizomes and overwintering buds; it is not advisable to uproot the roots to avoid affecting the next year's growth. After 3 to 4 years of continuous harvesting, it should be interest Picked again in 2 to 3 years.

7.2 Packaging and storage

After the stems and leaves are cut and bundled into small handles, they can be dried in the shade or aired in a cool, ventilated and dry place.

Appendix A

(Informative appendix) Epimedium seed quality classification Seedling level Seedling height/cm Average root length/cm Buds/Comprehensive control indicators Grade I seedlings > 10 > 5 >=2 no damage, no pests II grade seedlings 5 ~ 10 2 ~ 5 1 Appendix B (Informative appendix) Epimedium species and their control methods Pest and disease control methods Leaf spot blight Macrophoma sp.

The initial stage is brown spots with yellow halo around. Expanded lesions it is irregular, with reddish brown to brown edges, and grayish brown in the middle;

Late lesions are gray-brown, contracted, and black granules appear. This is Conidia of germs. Pathogens occur at both the seedling and adult stage it occurs frequently at the seedling stage and is harmful.

(1) Remove and destroy the sick body in time to reduce the source of infection.

(2) Spraying can be used for prevention and treatment at the beginning of the disease.

Daisen Zinc wettable powder 600 times, 50% bacteriostatic wettable powder 800 times liquid, 1. 1. 160 Bordeaux liquid, 30% copper oxychloride 600 ~ 800 times solution, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500-600 times solution, 70% methyl tobbutin wettable powder 800 ~ 1000 times liquid, prevention and treatment the frequency depends on the occurrence.

Corrugated virus disease crinkle virus the leaf tissue of the infected leaf was shrunk, uneven, thickened, and deformed into a roll-like shape.

In the seedling stage, there are two symptoms in the field. mottled leaves and diseased leaves Twisted distortion, uneven shrinking, thickening, and uneven green and dark spots Mottled leaf shape; yellow mottled leaf shape, diseased leaf tissues appear green Yellow mosaic leaves mottled.

(1) Use virus-free seedlings.

(2) In the period of continuous discontinuity, timely kill and kill the virus-borne insect vectors.

(3) When symptoms appear, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 20% can be selected Poison Bust wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 0.5% anti-drug No. 1 water 250 ~ 300 times liquid, or 20% Virinine water-soluble powder 500 Double liquid spraying prevention and control, once every 7d, 3 times in a row. Leaf rotation Green, stretch and reduce harm. The medication was stopped 20 days before harvest.

Rust

Puccinia sp.

Inconspicuous dots appear on the leaves at the beginning, and the back of the leaves becomes the small yellow sores with orange protrusions are the spore piles. Lesion break After cracking, rusty yellow summer spores are emitted.

The diseased fruit has small yellow sore spots with orange protrusions, which are severe when the disease is severe the fruit becomes a dead fruit.

(1) Use 20% Aco Suspension 1000 ~ 1500 at the beginning of the onset period Double spray, the dosage is 30 g/mu to 40 g/mu.

(2) 15% powder rust rather wettable powder 1000 ~ 1500 times solution, the dosage is 40 g/mu to 45 g/mu.

powdery mildew

Oidium sp.

At the beginning of the disease, the front or back of the leaf produces a white, nearly round, small Pink spots, gradually expanding into large white powder areas with inconspicuous edges, cloth Leafy, as if sprinkled with white powder. Remove the white powder, visible leaf surface Greenish, yellowish and brittle. When the disease is severe, the leaves are covered with white powder.

Turns gray-white until the entire leaf dies. No odor after onset, White powder is its obvious symptom.

(1) Clean the planting area and strengthen management.

(2) 50% carbendazim 500 times solution or 75% Methylthiocarbin 1000 times liquid spray. Spray 15% when disease is flourishing Powder rust Ning 1000 times liquid and other pharmaceutical control.

aphid

Aphidoidea

The affected part is curled, shrunk, deformed, the growth rate is reduced, leaf spots, Yellowing, dysplasia, leaf curl, reduced yield, withering, and death Die and so on.

(1) 25% thiamethoxam 3 g/mu ~ 4 g/mu, water 30 kg ~ 50 kg spray, the frequency of prevention and treatment depends on the situation, the application interval 7 d to 10 d.

(2) 10% imidacloprid 20 g/mu ~ 30 g/mu, mixed with water 30 kg ~ 50 kg spray, the frequency of control depends on the occurrence, the interval between application 7 d to 10 d.