LY/T 3091-2019Technical regulations on seedlings cultivation of Michelia macclurei (English PDF)

3.1 Seed

3.1.1 Seed Collection

3.1.1.1 Forecast of seed volume

It is carried out when the seeds are almost ripe from August to September. The prediction and analysis methods are implemented in accordance with GB/T 16619.

3.1.1.2 Fruit collection

3.1.1.2.1 Mother Tree

It is better to choose a good single plant in the local fine forest for more than 15 years, which has strong growth, straight and complete stem shape, and is free of diseases and insect pests as the mother tree.

3.1.1.2.2 Acquisition time

Seeds were harvested from mid-November to early December when the skin of capsules changed from green to red-brown or yellow without cracking.

3.1.1.2.3 Collection method

Use high branches to cut small branches with fruits to avoid damaging the mother tree. Remove the fruits from the stalk and place them in a breathable nylon mesh bag.

Or inside a woven bag.

3.1.2 Seed modulation

3.1.2.1 Threshing

Place the fruits in a dry and ventilated place indoors, and allow them to ripen and air-dry for 1 to 3 days.

After the wrapped seeds are completely separated from the husk, the seeds are selected and packed in a mesh bag.

3.1.2.2 Net seed

Soak the collected aril coat seeds with water for 10 to 12 hours, then put them into a net bag and rub them to remove the red aril coat and other impurities, pick up the seeds and place them in a ventilated and dry place to dry the surface moisture.

3.1.3 Seed storage

The seeds of Phoebe flavescens are recalcitrant seeds with high water content, and can be deposited in sand at room temperature or low temperature of 1-5 °C. Shelf life. 1 at room temperature Month to 3 months, 3 to 5 months at low temperature of 1-5 °C.

3.1.4 Seed quality

Seed kernels are not damaged, no pests and diseases, thousand kernel weight is 63.5 g ~ 170 g. Seed quality classification according to GB/T 7908, seed testing according to GB/T

2772 Execution.

3.2 Field

It is better to choose a place with flat terrain, good leeward weather, convenient transportation, deep soil and good drainage. The length of the seedbed depends on the terrain. First clear After weeding, level the ground and dig drainage ditches. Divided seedbeds and walkways on a well-kept nursery floor. The seedbeds are 10 cm high and 100 cm ~ 120 wide.

cm, the trail is 40 cm wide, and the length of the seedbed depends on the terrain.

3.3 Substrate and container

3.3.1 Matrix

Yellow heart soil 50% Topsoil 25% Loose powder 25% or Yellow heart soil 50% Loose powder 50% or Yellow heart soil 60% Fired soil 15% Coconut Bran 25%. The size of the soil particles in the substrate should be more uniform, with a particle size of 0.1 cm to 0.3 cm; 60% of the mushroom residue should be used to cultivate light substrate seedlings.

Or 15% sawdust 25% sawdust.

3.3.2 Container

The diameter of the container is 9 cm to 12 cm, and the height of the container is 15 cm to 20 cm. Or use (5.5 ~ 6.0) cm × (10 ~ 12) cm non-woven fabric capacity Device.

3.3.3 Disinfection

Place the container with the substrate (the plastic seedling container is placed directly on the noodle surface, and the non-woven seedling container is placed in the seedling tray).

After that, the substrate was permeated with 0.2% potassium permanganate, and then covered with a film for 2 to 3 days, and then the plantlets could be peeled off.

3.4 Seeding

It should be harvested and planted immediately, soaked in warm water at 40 °C for 24 hours, and then taken out to dry.

On the surface, lightly press the seeds into the sand with a wooden board or the like, cover a fine sand with a thickness of 0.4 cm to 0.6 cm, and finally cover it with a thin film for heat preservation and proper ventilation.

3.5 Post-Play Management

After sowing, set up an arch shed, and moderate ventilation to keep the soil moist.

3.6 Sprout transplantation

3.6.1 Transplanting

When the sprouts grow 2 to 3 true leaves, transplant the sprouts into the nursery container in time, and cut the root first, and keep the main root 3 cm ~ 4 cm. Place the container after transplanting, and drizzle with water.

3.6.2 Shade

Set up an arch shed and cover a shade net with a shading rate of 75% to 80%. After 30 days of shading, the shading is gradually uncovered. If the weather is hot, the shading days will be extended appropriately.

4.1 Explant preparation

Use the selected superior tree or the excellent breeding material approved by the forest species approval committee at or above the provincial level as the collection the mother plant of the plant was harvested as an explant after cutting or cutting the base of the trunk.

4.2 Explant collection

Choose continuous sunny days from 3 d to 5 d, collect longer young sprouts, seal with fresh-keeping bags and store them at about 4 ° C for low temperature storage and storage.

4.3 Explant disinfection

Rinse the dust on the surface of the explant repeatedly with tap water, and then wash the explant with sterile water. On a clean bench, use 75% alcohol Sterilize for 1 to 3 minutes and rinse with sterile water for 2 to 3 times. Sterilize with a few drops of 1 per mille mercury chloride solution added with Tween-80.

Sterilize by stages for 1 to 5 minutes, and then rinse with sterile water 4 to 5 times, each time 2 to 3 minutes.

4.4 Axillary bud induction culture

Strip the sterilized explant buds from the surface for 1 or 2 layers, and bud induction medium. One explant is connected to each bottle of culture medium. Culture temperature is 24 °C ~ 28 °C, light intensity 1500 Lx ~.2000 Lx, light time 12 hours per day, other conditions shall be implemented according to LY/T 1882.

4.5 Proliferation culture

About 2 cm of induced growth buds were transferred to the culture medium. Suitable temperature for proliferation culture is 24 °C ~ 25 °C, light intensity is 1000 Lx ~ 1500 Lx, light time is 12 hours per day; other conditions are implemented according to LY/T 1882. The subculture time was 15 d to 20 d.

4.6 Rooting culture

When the height of the sprouts reaches 3 cm to 5 cm, the sprouts with a height of more than 3 cm are cut and transferred to rooting culture. The suitable temperature for rooting culture is 25 °C ~ 28 °C, light intensity 2000 Lx ~ 2500 Lx, light time 12 hours per day, rooting culture time 2 weeks to 4 weeks. Other conditions LY/T 1882 is implemented.

4.7 Refining

Rooting culture produces 1 to 3 roots. When the root length is 1 cm to 2 cm, the rooting bottle seedlings are transferred to the greenhouse for refining. Control the light intensity of seedlings

5000 Lx ~ 10000 Lx, seedling refining time is 1 ~ 2 weeks. 1 d to 3 d before the bottle-out transplantation, loosen the lid of the culture bottle appropriately, Adapt to the natural environment.

4.8 Bottle seedling quality requirements

Seedling height is 3 cm to 5 cm; leaf color is normal and no pollution; the number of roots per plant is >= 3 and the root length is >= 2 cm.

4.9 Transplanting

See 3.6.3.

5.1 Water and fertilizer management

Keep the nutrition bag moist. When the seedlings return to normal growth, use compound fertilizer (N. P2O5. K2O = 15. 15. 15) 0.1% ~ 0.2% Spray the solution in water, rinse the leaves with water after application to avoid burning seedlings, once a week in the early stage. In the middle period, thin fertilization is applied every 1 to 2 months.

Fertilizer concentration can be gradually increased, but the maximum concentration should not exceed 1%. At the later stage, seedling height should be controlled by water to increase fertilizer. Finally, phosphorus and potassium can be applied once to promote the lignification of seedlings.

5.2 Weeding

Press LY/T 1000 to execute.

5.3 Pest control

Spray 1g/L carbendazim, methyltolbutin, or root rot spirit solution alternately 15 days to 20 days before transplanting to prevent root rot and stem rot. In case to prevent the occurrence and spread of disease, seedbeds should always be kept in a dry and ventilated state.

After transplanting, it should be disinfected with 75% chlorothalonil 800-1000 times solution, once a week for two times in a row; in the spring and summer to prevent seedlings from becoming infected, Spray the same concentration of disinfectant solution or 50% wettable carbendazim 500 times to 800 times liquid spray again, once or twice a week for 2 to 3 weeks.

5.4 Cutting roots and seedlings

The seedlings should be moved for the first time within one month after rooting, and once a month before the seedlings are raised; before moving, the shovel will be used to pierce the soil Shovel the root system, and place the seedlings with large growth differences according to the growth of the seedlings.

5.5 Refining

Stop fertilizing about 2 months before going out of the nursery, reduce the number of drips, and reduce the degree of seedlings not withering.

6.1 Quality requirements

Developed root system, straight and dry seedlings, normal leaf color, robust growth, full buds, full lignification, no quarantine pests, inorganic Mechanical damage; 1-year qualified seedlings are divided into two grades I and II, and the grading standards are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Grading standards for 1-year qualified seedlings

Seedling type

Grade II seedlings Grade II seedlings Ground diameter (cm) Seedling height (cm) Root length (Cm) Length > 5cm Number of side roots Ground diameter (cm) Seedling height (cm) Root length (Cm) Length > 5cm Number of side roots Seedlings > 0.8 > 60 > 20 >=15 0.5 ~ 0.8 40 ~ 60 15 ~ 20 >=10 Tissue culture seedlings > 0.8 > 60 > 15 >=12 0.5 ~ 0.8 40 ~ 60 10 ~ 15 >=8

6.2 Exit

One year old can reach II level seedlings and can be transplanted.

7.1 Technical archive

Details of seed source, asexual propagation explant material source, seedling time, seedling technicians, seedling process and other details Establish archives for storage, circulation, and other related information. The text graphics and photos must be accurate, clear, and neat. Specific implementation according to GB/T 6001.

7.2 Archive management

The production unit records the original data such as the seedling raising process and seedling flow in detail, establishes complete and informative technical files, Wood cultivation batch and time are managed. When the nursery stocks come out of the forest for afforestation, the relevant archives should be copied and provided to the afforestation production unit. specific Press LY/T 2289 to execute.