LY/T 2275-2020Forest certification in China - Bamboo stand management (English PDF)

4.1 Legal obligations

4.1.1 Laws and regulations and international conventions

4.1.1.1 The bamboo forest management unit shall abide by the current relevant national laws and regulations (see Appendix A), international conventions (see Appendix B) and prepare There are related texts.

4.1.1.2 The bamboo forest management unit that has violated the law has taken measures in accordance with the law to rectify it in time, and this has been recorded.

4.1.2 Forest land protection

4.1.2.2 It is strictly forbidden to illegally change the use of forest land.

4.2 Bamboo forest ownership

4.2.1 Ownership documents

4.2.1.1 The ownership and use rights of the forest land of the bamboo forest management unit and the forests and trees on the forest land shall be issued by the real estate registration agency Certificate or other legal proof, such as contract or lease contract, etc.

4.2.1.2 The scope of bamboo forest management should have clear boundaries and be marked on the map.

4.2.2 Ownership disputes

4.2.2.1 When handling disputes concerning the ownership of bamboo forests, bamboo forest management units shall comply with relevant laws such as the "Measures for the Settlement of Disputes over Forest Land Ownership" the requirements of laws and regulations.

4.2.2.2 The existing ownership disputes and conflicts have not caused serious negative impacts on the management of bamboo forests. Ownership disputes or interest disputes on bamboo forest management Bamboo forest management units that have a significant impact cannot pass forest certification.

4.3 The rights of local communities and workers According to the relevant regulations of GB/T 28951.

4.4 Bamboo forest management plan

4.4.1 Scheme preparation

4.4.1.1 In accordance with the long-term forestry planning, local conditions and technical requirements formulated by the higher-level forestry authority, timely, effective, Scientific preparation.

4.4.1.2 During the compilation process, the opinions of management departments, business units, local communities and interested parties shall be widely solicited, and the results shall be publicized and filed.

4.4.1.3 Based on full and accurate forest resource information, including but not limited to timely updated forest resource files, recent forest resources Information such as forest resources second-class survey results and professional technical files.

4.4.1.4 The plan and its accompanying documents should include the following.

--Basic information, including forest resources, environmental constraints, land use and ownership status, socio-economic conditions, and social development and the dominant demand, the history of bamboo forest management, and the general situation of the neighboring land;

--The status quo and management evaluation of bamboo forest resources;

--Bamboo forest management policy and business objectives;

--Bamboo forest functional zoning, bamboo forest management type and forest stand type (public welfare forest and commercial forest);

--Bamboo forest cultivation, including seedling production, reforestation and high-yield cultivation, etc.;

--Bamboo forest harvesting, including annual harvesting volume, harvesting age, harvesting time, harvesting intensity, and harvesting methods according to the type of bamboo forest management;

--Bamboo shoot extraction, including the time of extraction, the intensity of extraction, and the situation of bamboo shoots and bamboo cultivation, etc.;

--Management of other non-wood resources except bamboo and bamboo shoots;

--Bamboo forest health and environmental protection, including bamboo forest pest control, bamboo forest fire prevention, water and soil conservation, chemicals and toxic substances Control etc.;

-Bamboo forest land acquisition and occupation, etc.;

--The protection of wild animals and plants, especially the protection of precious, rare and endangered species;

--Bamboo forest infrastructure and capacity building, including the construction and maintenance of forest roads and work roads;

--Investment estimation and benefit analysis;

--Ecological and social monitoring measures and impact assessment of bamboo forest management;

-Safeguard measures for the implementation of the plan;

-Measures to protect other tree species in the bamboo forest;

--Other data and charts related to bamboo forest business activities.

4.4.1.5 When conditions permit, the main content of the bamboo forest management plan shall be announced to the local communities, villages and the stakeholders in the upper administrative region.

4.4.2 Program revision

4.4.2.1 According to the monitoring results of bamboo forest resources, new scientific and technological achievements, information and policies, and changes in environmental, social and economic conditions, Revise or adjust the bamboo forest management plan in due course.

4.4.2.2 The revised or adjusted bamboo forest management plan should be consistent, and its revision records should be kept.

4.4.2.3 The revised bamboo forest management plan needs to be reported to the superior authority for the record.

4.5 Cultivation and Utilization of Bamboo Forest Resources

4.5.1 Cultivation of bamboo forest resources

4.5.1.1 Develop an annual operation plan based on the bamboo forest management plan and carry out bamboo forest management activities.

--When preparing the annual bamboo shoot extraction plan. The quantity, quality and distribution of bamboo shoots and bamboo should be determined according to different management types of bamboo forests, Extract bamboo shoots; keep records of the amount and time of bamboo shoots picked in the bamboo forest.

- When preparing the annual bamboo forest harvesting plan, the bamboo should be harvested rationally on the basis of resource monitoring to maintain a reasonable growth rate and bamboo forest Harvesting volume; keep records about the harvesting volume and harvesting time of bamboo forests.

4.5.1.2 Bamboo forest management should determine reasonable investment according to different bamboo forest management types to achieve stable economic benefits.

4.5.1.3 A reasonable budget investment should be clearly defined to ensure the normal implementation of bamboo forest certification.

4.5.1.4 Bamboo forest management technology.

--Reasonably carry out forest land clearing and strengthen soil management.

- Pay attention to the adjustment of bamboo forest structure, rational cutting and utilization, and scientifically retaining bamboo shoots to improve the uniformity and regularity of bamboo forests.

- Attach importance to disaster prevention and mitigation of bamboo forests, and in areas with severe snow pressure, select the associated tree species or remove the shoots of bamboo forests.

--Encourage the establishment of bamboo-wood mixed forests, select appropriate bamboo forest associated tree species and select a reasonable number of associated trees. Involved in the bamboo-wood mixed forest the management activities of other forests shall be carried out with reference to GB/T 28951.

--Bamboo forest reforestation encourages the use of block or strip land preparation and interplanting instead of conservation.

--Preferential selection of native bamboo species for afforestation bamboo species. If you choose exotic bamboo species, they should be supported by introduction experiments.

4.5.1.5 Actively carry out diversified management of bamboo forests, including measures for cultivation, protection and utilization.

4.5.2 Bamboo forest resource utilization

4.5.2.1 Bamboo forest management units give priority to local utilization to promote local economic development.

4.5.2.2 The bamboo forest management unit shall formulate and implement measures that are conducive to the best use of various products (such as bamboo, shoots, non-bamboo products, etc.).

Implementation, promote product diversification, and develop new products and markets.

4.5.2.3 The management of bamboo forests should make rational use of the cutting residues to improve the utilization rate of bamboo resources.

4.5.3 Skills training

The bamboo forest management unit shall formulate a training plan, provide necessary training for the operators, and record these trainings.

4.5.4 On-site guidance Professional and technical personnel provide necessary technical guidance for operators in field operations.

4.6 Bamboo forest protection

4.6.1 Bamboo Forest Healthy Management

4.6.1.1 Strengthen the management of bamboo forests, cultivate high-quality bamboo and bamboo shoots, and timely remove the low quality caused by diseases or disasters according to the actual situation the bamboo and bamboo shoots that are planted to maintain the health of the bamboo forest.

4.6.1.2 According to the principle of adaptability, encourage the gradual introduction of other tree species, adjust the structure of bamboo forests, and enhance the stability of the ecosystem.

4.6.1.3 Measures should be taken to minimize the impact of animal populations and overgrazing on bamboo regeneration, growth and biodiversity.

4.6.1.4 Bamboo forest management units shall protect bamboo forests with special service functions, such as water conservation areas, farmland protection areas, and biodiversity Bamboo forests distributed in protected areas, tourism and leisure areas.

4.6.1.5 The bamboo forest management unit shall take effective measures to minimize or stop the damage to the bamboo forest caused by human activities.

4.6.2 Bamboo forest ecosystem protection

4.6.2.1 Bamboo forest management units take protective measures to maintain or improve the ecological functions of bamboo forests.

4.6.2.2 The bamboo forest management unit determines the typical, rare and fragile bamboo forest ecosystem in its business area through investigation, and formulates and implements Protective measures to ensure its sustainability.

4.6.2.3 When identifying typical, rare, and fragile bamboo forest ecosystems, bamboo forest management units shall consider the characteristics at the national, regional, and global levels.

Natural distribution areas and landscape areas of important species.

4.6.2.4 The bamboo forest management unit shall protect the bamboo forest ground cover, miscellaneous shrubs and other plants when operating the bamboo forest, and appropriately retain the trees and shrubs in the bamboo forest or in the forest.

Replant some of the associated or precious tree species of bamboo forests to enrich plant diversity.

4.6.3 Species protection

4.6.3.1 Reasonable...