HJ 731-2014Specification for automated water quality monitoring in coastal area (English PDF)

3.1 Automated methods for seawater quality monitoring in coastal area

In the monitoring point using continuous automatic monitoring equipment on the coastal waters of water quality continuous monitoring and analysis process.

3.2 Manual monitoring of water quality in coastal waters Manual methods for seawater quality monitoring in coastal area in the monitoring point with a sampling device to collect a certain volume of seawater samples, the collected samples in the field or laboratory with chemical Analysis method or analytical method of the process of processing and testing.

3.3 Automatic monitoring of instrument performance audit

The automatic monitoring instruments for precision and accuracy of the inspection process such as indicators.

Early - season work and requirements for automatic monitoring of water quality in coastal waters

4.1 Automatic monitoring of pre-work content

The preliminary work on the automatic monitoring of water quality in coastal waters includes the construction of automatic monitoring system construction, acceptance and operation.

Stand.

4.2 Automatic monitoring system construction

Coastal area automatic monitoring system construction package monitoring station layout, monitoring sub-station, central control room, system support 2 laboratory and quality control laboratory construction. Among them, the construction of automatic monitoring equipment technical indicators should be consistent with Appendix A to System construction in accordance with the requirements of Annex B; sub-station site layout method to carry out the purpose of automatic monitoring, in the "near shore Sea area environmental monitoring point layout technical specifications "HJ 730 requirements of the layout of the monitoring points selected.

4.3 Automatic monitoring system acceptance

Automatic monitoring system construction is completed, the system should be acceptance, before entering the normal operation. Automatic monitoring system Acceptance requirements are required in accordance with Annex C.

4.4 Automatic monitoring system operation system establishment

Automatic monitoring system During the construction and acceptance period, the monitoring organization responsible for the operation of the system shall be operated according to the automatic monitoring system Characteristics, the establishment of technical files, the development of the corresponding operation and management methods, and before the acceptance, according to the actual situation to improve.

Automatic monitoring system technical files should include the project and approval documents, sub-station layout of the feasibility study report and proof conclusions, Tender documents, procurement contracts (including technical indicators, training and service requirements, etc.), acceptance records and related materials, maintenance and Calibration and other operating records, maintenance records.

Automatic monitoring system operation management approach should include staffing and responsibilities, control room and laboratory management requirements, daily workers for content and requirements, equipment maintenance and calibration regulations, maintenance management regulations, quality assurance and quality control requirements, data valid Sexual audit and reporting requirements.

Technical Requirements for Automatic Monitoring System of Water Quality in Coastal Waters

5.1 System operation overall technical requirements

Automatic monitoring system operation includes regular monitoring of sub-station maintenance, calibration, quality assurance and quality control (see 6), Central control room and laboratory daily management and records. Maintenance and calibration at the same time, and regular, calibration and maintenance week Period through the experiment to determine; calibration in line with quality assurance and quality control requirements; system daily management in line with coastal waters automatic monitoring the characteristics and requirements; records should reflect the whole process of operation.

5.2 Monitoring Substation Maintenance and Calibration Technical Requirements

5.2.1 Monitoring the maintenance of sub stations

Monitor the maintenance and calibration of the sub-station at the same time. In determining that the equipment is not working properly due to natural or contaminating factors, the equipment should be maintained immediately. Clean the inspection equipment before calibration, adjust the equipment automatically after each calibration and maintenance the test time is positive time. The following should also be done.

A) check the sub-station on the connection line, equipment is damaged, including. sub-station body of the sealed room is leaked, Weather equipment, antennas, solar panels and beacon lights are running normally;

B) check the corrosion of the sub-station body;

C) check the fixation of the sub-station body and the presence or absence of drift;

D) to clean up the floating objects and remove the sub-stations and equipment surface attachments near the sub-station;

E) Replace the sensors, transmit light sources, photomultiplier tubes, etc. in the monitoring equipment as required by the use and maintenance manual, Pumps, pump pipes and other parts, and re-calibration of the instrument;

F) once a year sub-station body and anchor chain repair, if necessary, replace the fixed anchor chain;

G) observe whether the surrounding environment changes or abnormal, the appearance of changes and abnormal camera records;

3h) do photo description and text records;

I) Prepare for safe retrieval of sub-station equipment before extreme weather conditions occur.

During the operation of the sea, the safety and security of the relevant personnel shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ 442.

5.2.2 Calibration of monitoring stations

5.2.2.1 General requirements for calibration and maintenance intervals

When performing automatic monitoring, the calibration cycle for each water quality monitoring project should be determined and the shortest calibration cycle the calibration and maintenance intervals of the dynamic monitoring system are periodically calibrated and maintained in accordance with this cycle.

The calibration and maintenance cycle is affected by the region and the season. The general southern calibration and maintenance cycle is 14-16 days in summer and 18-25 days; the northern calibration and maintenance cycle is relatively longer than the South.

The calibration and maintenance cycle is determined after the equipment acceptance is acceptable. Calibration and maintenance cycle can be divided into winter and spring and summer Quarter calibration and maintenance intervals, summer and summer calibration and maintenance intervals can be used as calibration and maintenance intervals for full-year operation.

Calibration and maintenance cycle is the prerequisite for automatic monitoring of sub-stations in the normal operation of the sea, is the automatic monitoring system monitoring results are valid the basis of sex must be determined in strict accordance with the requirements. The method of determining the calibration and maintenance cycle combines the various conditions, the data is valid and Work arrangements, such as taking into account the weather, sea conditions may cause maintenance after the extension and so on.

5.2.2.2 Procedures for calibration and maintenance cycles

Under normal circumstances, winter and spring calibration and maintenance cycle to determine, in April and October; summer and autumn calibration maintenance cycle , In late July to the end of August.

Calibration and maintenance intervals for all use equipment, zero drift and span cross drift test (see 5.2.3.2) or comparison (See 5.2.3.3), on the day of delivery, 5 days, 10 days, 15 days, 20 days, 25 days, 30 days and 35 days experiment. The results of the maintenance cycle of 15 days or less, should check the experimental conditions and equipment, find out the reasons, re-real Test, and in the experiment encryption does not meet the time test frequency.

Subject to weather conditions, the determination can be 1 day in advance or extended 1-2 days. Record by actual time.

The monitoring sub-station calibration and maintenance cycle is determined by the time at which the calibration and maintenance intervals are minimized in each parameter.

5.2.3 Calibration and maintenance cycle determination method

5.2.3.1 Calibration requirements for calibration and maintenance intervals

The equipment can not be cleaned and maintained during the calibration and maintenance cycles.

5.2.3.2 Zero drift and span cross drift test method

In the field to simulate the sea water blank, 20% and 80% of the range of concentration test 3 times. The monitoring results meet the requirements of Appendix A to Table A.1 the experiment is continued and the experiment is terminated when the test is not satisfied.

5.2.3.3 Comparison of monitoring methods

According to 6.3.4.2 methods and requirements, using manual comparison method or calibration instrument comparison method, the actual sample test 3 (D) is less than 0.2 when the relative error (RE) and the pH absolute deviation (d) are equal to the requirements of HJ 442.

Continue to experiment, do not meet the requirements, the termination of the experiment.

Relative error (RE) and absolute deviation (d) are calculated as follows.

RE = (Xa-Xm)/(Xm) x 100% (1) where. RE - relative error Xa - the measured mean of the automatic monitoring 4Xm - the measured mean of the monitoring method the absolute deviation (d) is calculated as follows.

D = XL (2)

Where. d - absolute deviation X - the measured mean of the automatic monitoring L - the measured mean of the measured method

5.2.3.4 Other instruments

Involving the hydrometeorological equipment, in accordance with the equipment and equipment maintenance and calibration requirements of the calibration and maintenance cycle to ensure set.

5.2.4 Technical requirements for monitoring sub-station calibration

The technical requirements for sub-station station calibration include instrument performance audits and periodic instrument performance for each calibration and maintenance cycle Audit, specific requirements see 6.3.

5.3 Central Control Room and Laboratory Daily Management

5.3.1 Central Control Room

The central control room must arrange for personnel to understand the equipment operation, weather and sea conditions, according to the situation arrangements for maintenance, recycling Part of the detector or the entire buoy, to ensure normal equipment, safe operation. The daily work of the central control room should include.

A) understand the weather conditions and weather forecasts of the sub-stations, when the weather forecast will occur is not suitable for sub-station operation or part of the test Equipment can not run the situation, should be timely to deal with measures, including the low temperature to get back part of the detector is not suitable for operation, or arrange for the timely recovery of the buoy;

B) check the sub-station data transmission and instrument operation, find the problem, timely processing;

C) to retrieve and analyze the monitoring data of each sub-station;

D) report the results of the monitoring;

E) regularly monitor the monitoring data of the system;

F) Make a good job record.

Central control room daily work, is the automatic monitoring system normal operation components, after the establishment of automatic monitoring system should be in accordance with the rules and regulations formulated, require staff to strictly perform their duties.

5.3.2 System Support Laboratory and Quality Control Laboratory

System support laboratories and quality control laboratories should be routinely managed in accordance with established laboratory regulations should be the experiment. In the experiment, the laboratory environment should meet the experimental conditions, and experimental records.

5.4 Records

In the automatic monitoring system operation, the calibration and maintenance cycle to determine, instrument performance audit, inspection, maintenance, repair and the central control room daily work record, to ensure that the contents of the work involved in the record complete, comprehensive and accurate. On the appearance of Problems and handling of the description, need to be informative, continuous, conclusive or have processed results. Among them, the performance test record table, equipment maintenance Record table, sub-station inspection record table (peripheral environment changes), maintenance records and the central control room work record format see attached D related form.

Quality Assurance and Quality Control of Water Quality Automatic Monitoring System in Coastal Waters

6.1 General requirements

After the establishment of the offshore area automatic monitoring system, should be in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ 630, will automatically monitor the system related work Into the unit of environmental monitoring quality management system, and in accordance with the automatic monitoring system equipment and operating characteristics, monitoring the relevant regulations Quality assurance and quality control.

6.2 Standard value transfer requirements

A) used to calibrate the standard sample of the instrument, generally using a certified standard sample.

B) analytical scales for scale transfer, platform scales, thermometers, standard multimeters, pipettes, volumetric vials, in accordance with the relevant provisions, regularly sent to the relevant state departments for quality inspection.

6.3 Instrument performance audit content, requirements and methods

6.3.1 Instrument performance audit content and requirements

6.3.1.1 Contents of the instrument performance audit

Instrument performance auditing is the key to securing effective data and the critical operation of the automated monitoring system, including regular Detection limit and standard curve check, calibration of each instrument before and after the maintenance work.

6.3.1.2 Instrument performance audit requirements

The instrument performance audit requirements are as follows.

A. Before using the instrument, put it into use for 6 months and update the detector or update the instrument, check;

B. Perform a standard curve check every 6 months after the instrument is put into use and update the detector before use;

C. Each maintenance cycle is retrieved before calibration and before the equipment is used, the accuracy of each monitoring instrument (or spike recovery Rate) and precision audit.

Instrument performance audit data acquisition frequency can be adjusted to less than the daily monitoring data acquisition frequency, taking into account the instrument measured the sample is not affected by the previous sample concentration.

6.3.2 Instrument detection limit check

The detection limit of the instrument is obtained by the actual test method.

Test method. HJ 168 method to detect the limit of the general method of determining the relevant requirements based on the instrument 3 times the detection Limit the concentration of the preparation of standard solution, with the equipment stand-alone (laboratory) measured more than 20 times; in the field on-line test, Measured more than 7 times.

The detection limit is calculated as follows.

MDL = t (n-1, 0.99) x (3) where. MDL - detection limit T - the degree of freedom is n-1, the confidence is 99% when the t distribution (unilateral) Standard deviation of S - n parallel samples

6.3.3 Standard curve check

The standard curve check is based on the standard curve correlation coefficient and is judged according to Appendix A of Appendix A.

6 test methods. in the laboratory, according to the instrument specified measurement range, select the range of 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of the total concentration of 5 standard solution by sample test, and the blank value to calculate the correlation coefficient.

6.3.4 Instrument accuracy and precision inspection

6.3.4.1 Instrument Accuracy and Precision Inspection General requirements

Before each maintenance cycle is retrieved or maintained on site, the accuracy and precision of each instrument should be measured in accordance with 6.6 and 7.2 Audit, as the previous cycle of the validity of the data to determine the basis.

Update the equipment before use and each maintenance cycle to retrieve or on-site maintenance after calibration, the accuracy of each monitoring instrument and Precision audit, as the next cycle of normal operation of the basic guarantee.

Instrument accuracy and precision inspection using experimental methods, the experimental method based on experimental conditions and the actual situation, can be used standard sample test method, spike method or method of comparison test method.

6.3.4.2 Instrument accuracy and precision inspection methods

6.3.4.2.1 Standard sample inspection method

Select the national standard sample, the experimental instrument to continuously measure the standard sample 3-6 times (depending on the single sample of a single sample Determination of the cycle), to determine the results of the calculation of prec...