HJ 1173-2021National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation (English PDF)

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the content, process, evaluation index system and evaluation method of ecosystem service function evaluation.

This standard is applicable to the assessment of terrestrial ecosystem services in the national and provincial administrative regions, and other geographic regions can refer to this standard for implementation.

2 Normative references

This standard refers to the following documents or clauses thereof. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this standard.

For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this standard.

HJ 1168 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Field Observation of Grassland Ecosystems HJ 1169 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Field Observation of Wetland Ecosystems HJ 1170 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Field Observation of Desert Ecosystems

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.

ecosystem services

The ecosystem provides the functions of windbreak and sand fixation, soil conservation, water conservation, and biodiversity maintenance for human beings.

water conservation

Through its structure and processes, ecosystems intercept stagnant precipitation, enhance soil infiltration, conserve soil moisture and replenish groundwater, and regulate rivers the function of increasing the amount of available water resources.

soil conservation

Ecosystems protect soil through their structure and processes, reduce the erosive capacity of rainwater, reduce soil loss, and prevent sedimentation.

can.

sand and storm prevention Ecosystem functions by increasing soil wind resistance and reducing wind erosion and sand damage.

biodiversity conservation the role of ecosystems in maintaining the diversity of genes, species, and ecosystems.

4 General

5 Technical process

This standard establishes a technical process for the assessment of ecosystem services, as shown in Figure 1.

6 Evaluation Index System

The evaluation index system of ecosystem service function is shown in Table 1.

7 Evaluation of technical methods

8 Evaluation Results

Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services based on assessment results of water conservation, soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, and biodiversity maintenance the spatial pattern and overall change trend of different types of ecosystem services and the key areas of change are identified. water conservation, the higher or faster the soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, wildlife habitat area and species richness, the higher the ecosystem service function.

Or the trend of change is better.

Appendix A

(normative appendix) Ecosystem service function index calculation method A.1 Water Conservation Amount Computational ecosystems enhance soil infiltration and accumulation by intercepting stagnant precipitation, conserving soil moisture, regulating surface runoff and replenishing groundwater the total amount of water added by water. Calculated by the water balance equation.

A.2 Soil Conservation Calculated based on the modified soil loss equation (RUSLE).

Calculation of rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), slope length and slope factor (L, S) and vegetation cover factor (C) Methods as below.

Rainfall erosivity factor (R) is the potential ability of rainfall to cause soil erosion, and is calculated as follows.

0.2r

= . (A.22)

In the formula. K' - surface roughness factor;

Kr - soil ridge roughness, calculated by Smith-Carson equation, cm;

Crr - random roughness factor, take 0, cm;

L - terrain relief parameters;

H -- Altitude difference within distance L.

A.4 Habitat Irreplaceability Index First, the indicator species were selected, and the distribution area of each indicator species was determined in counties based on historical data. Using Marxan software Based on the calculation model of site selection, iteratively calculated according to the constraints to obtain the priority areas for national biodiversity conservation.

The assessment unit is each county-level administrative unit in the assessment area, and the species selects the national first-class species and second-class species with recorded distribution in the whole country.

and other species with important conservation value, the number of occurrences of these species in each assessment unit shall be counted with reference to the Fauna and Flora of China.

Use the irreplaceability index to assign a value to the evaluation unit. The value is distributed between 0 and 100.The higher the value, the more effective the unit is in protecting biodiversity.

The value (irreplaceability) is greater.

The objective function of iterative operation of Marxan model is.

PUs PUs ConValue

where.

PUs

Cost -- the total cost of the planning unit;

PUs

BLM Boundary -- the correction value of the total length of the boundary of the protection system;

ConValue

SPF -- the compensation value for not reaching the protection target;

In the calculation process, each planning unit adopts the same cost, and the result represents the smallest area that can achieve the protection target. protection system edge the correction value of the total boundary length is the total boundary length of the protection system after adjusting the boundary of the protection priority area in the model iteration process. when a species does not reach when the protection target is reached, but the protection cost has reached the threshold, a compensation value that exceeds the cost threshold is set to appropriately increase the cost to meet the protection needs.

In order to ensure that the set reaches the minimum cost, the region with higher protection value has a higher probability of being selected in the operation. 100 operations, each plan each unit will generate a value from 0 to 100, indicating the number of times it is selected in the operation. The unit with a larger value is irreplaceable in protection.

The stronger the generation.