GB/T 7247.12-2026Safety of laser products - Part 12: Safety of free space optical communication systems used for transmission of information (English PDF)

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".

Drafting.

This document is Part 12 of GB/T 7247 "Safety of Laser Products". GB/T 7247 has the following parts published.

---Part 1: Equipment Classification and Requirements;

---Part 2: Security of Optical Fiber Communication Systems (OFCS);

---Part 3: Guide to Laser Display and Performance;

---Part 4: Laser Protective Shield;

---Part 5: Producer's Checklist for GB/T 7247.1;

---Part 8: Guidelines for the Safe Use of Lasers in Human Application;

---Part 9: Maximum Permissible Exposure to Incoherent Light Radiation;

---Part 12: Security of Free-Space Optical Communication Systems for Information Transmission;

---Part 13: Classification and Measurement of Laser Products;

---Part 14: User Guide.

This document is equivalent to IEC 60825-12:2022 "Safety of laser products – Part 12: Free-space optical transmission" Security of communication systems.

The following minimal editorial changes have been made to this document.

---Notes have been added to the scope, and information from GB 44703 has been added to the references;

---Includes the errata from IEC 60825-12:2022/COR1.2024.

Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.

This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.

This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Optical Radiation Safety and Laser Equipment (SAC/TC284).

Introduction

GB/T 7247 "Safety of Laser Products" is proposed to consist of the following parts.

---Part 1: Equipment Classification and Requirements. Due to the wide range of wavelengths, energies, and pulse characteristics involved in laser beams, their use...

At the same time, the degree of potential hazard varies greatly, and laser products cannot be simply classified using uniform safety limits. The aim is to classify laser products according to...

An assessment of the degree of light radiation hazard of instruments and laser products is conducted to determine control measures.

---Part 2: Security of Optical Fiber Communication Systems (OFCS). Based on reasonably foreseeable failure conditions [such as cable breakage, optical...] [Fiber optic connector detachment (disconnection), etc.] are categorized based on the degree of exposure to light radiation. This is intended to extend the enclosed transmission characteristics...

The nature of the location is used to specify the corresponding level of danger at the accessible location in order to determine the appropriate safety precautions.

---Part 3: Guidelines for Laser Displays and Performances. This section outlines guidelines for the use of Class 3B and Class 4 laser displays in theater projection and stage performances, and similar settings.

Light products, during laser operation, any exposure exceeding the maximum permissible level of biological effects and harm to the human eye and skin.

The Maximum Power Emission (MPE) analysis is provided to clarify the responsibilities of on-site design, installation, operation, and performance personnel, as well as risk management and assessment.

Estimate the risk to reduce it.

---Part 4: Laser Protective Shielding. This section defines permanent and temporary shielding measures used to enclose the working area of laser processing machines (e.g., during maintenance and repair periods).

Technical requirements for laser protective screens (both indoor and outdoor) and dedicated laser protective screens to prevent personnel around the processing area from being exposed to laser radiation.

harm.

---Part 5: Producer's Checklist for GB/T 7247.1.This is intended to provide a reference inspection procedure for ensuring...

Verify whether the product conforms to the classification and requirements of GB/T 7247.1 for equipment, and enhance the enforceability and usability of GB/T 7247.1 in use.

Operability.

---Part 8: Guidelines for the Safe Use of Lasers in Human Applications. This section aims to guide the integration of safe laser use into medical laser practices.

Practice, establish safety procedures, preventive measures, and personnel control measures, and strengthen the system for all personnel involved in laser use.

The necessity of security framework and training.

---Part 9: Maximum Permissible Exposure to Incoherent Light Radiation. This section aims to provide the permissible exposure limits for artificial light sources irradiating humans in the 180nm~3000nm range.

When exposing the eyes and skin, the MPE limit for controlling the amount of light radiation exposure.

---Part 12: Security of Free-Space Optical Communication Systems for Information Transmission. Aimed at providing wavelength ranges from 180 nm to 1 mm.

Internal guidelines for the manufacture and safe use of laser products and systems for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint free-space optical data transmission.

The goal is to protect people from the potentially dangerous light radiation produced by FSOCSs.

---Part 13: Classification and Measurement of Laser Products. This aims to provide emission levels of laser output energy according to GB/T 7247.1.

Measurement and analysis methods are provided, along with a classification guide for laser products.

---Part 14: User Guide. This section outlines requirements for users employing laser products beyond Class 1 and Class 2, aiming to assist laser manufacturers...

Product users and manufacturers understand the general principles of safety management, identify potential hazards, assess the hazard level of potential dangers, and establish and implement safety management systems.

Appropriate control measures should be implemented.

---Part 17: Security of High-Power Optical Fiber Communication Systems Using Passive Optical Components and Optical Cables. This section aims to address the security of high-power optical fiber communication systems.

For high-power optical systems operating at Class 3B or higher, provide safety precautions for corresponding thermal, optomechanical, and related effects.

This is to prevent and protect against other safety issues that may arise with connectors, etc.

---Part 18: Transmission System Guidelines. This section specifies the requirements for the layout, installation, and use of light guide systems, including free-space lasers.

Transmission and fiber optic transmission, protective measures to protect personnel from the hazards of laser radiation, and risk assessment methods.

---Part 19: Laser Products for Mobile Platforms. This section aims to provide information on laser products mounted on mobile platforms, taking into account the platform's movement.

Velocity-dependent nearest reach location (VCPHA) is used to assess laser hazards in order to avoid overexposure while ensuring safety.

A rigorous assessment of laser hazards is conducted, and precautions for applying this condition are provided.

---Part 20: Safety requirements for laser radiation intended for products irradiating the face or eyes. This is intended to address situations where the product is intended for direct irradiation of the face or eye area.

Consumer Class 1 laser products (such as facial or retinal/iris recognition, AR/VR/MR glasses/earphones, etc.) may experience malfunctions.

The effectiveness model, employing a safety-focused FMEA methodology, provides risk analysis-based requirements to reduce risks in product pre-production.

There is a risk of potential damage to the eye and face in the event of a malfunction at any time during the product's lifespan.

---Part 21: Automatic Launch Control (AEC). This section aims to address the challenges manufacturers face in integrating Automatic Launch Control (AEC) into their laser products.

In order to reduce the hazards of light radiation under unprotected conditions while producing products with better performance. This is for the performance of AEC.

The requirements and methods that can be used to determine hazard classifications and verify whether they are functioning as intended provide better guidance.

Safety of laser products Part 12: Free Space for Information Transmission Security of optical communication systems

1 Scope

This document specifies the requirements for the secure operation and maintenance of Free Space Optical Communication Systems (FSOCS) used for information transmission.

This document applies to products that emit laser radiation to enable free-space optical data transmission.

This document does not apply to laser products used for transmitting optical power in applications such as materials processing or medical applications, or lasers used in explosive atmospheres.

Optical products (see IEC 60079-0), and light-emitting diodes used for free-space optical data transmission in free-space optical communication systems.

Note 1.If the laser product contains optical fibers extending from a restricted area of the system or enclosed space, the requirements of IEC 60825-2 shall apply.

Note 2.For information on product labeling in the Chinese market, please refer to GB 44703.

Note 3.For a detailed introduction to the free-space optical communication system, please refer to Appendix A.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.

For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.

This document.

GB/T 7247.1-2024 Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements (IEC 60825-1:2014, IDT) IEC 60825-2 Safety of laser products – Part 2: Safety of fiber optic communication systems (OFCS) Note. GB/T 7247.2-2024 Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fiber communication systems (OFCS) (IEC 60825-2:2021, IDT)

3 Terms and Definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 7247.1-2024, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.

The URLs for the terminology databases maintained by ISO and IEC for standardization are as follows.

Access level

Potential hazard levels caused by light radiation from Free Space Optical Communication Systems (FSOCS) in accessible locations.

Note 1.The contact level is based on the level of laser radiation that may be encountered under reasonably foreseeable circumstances, such as stepping into an open optical path. It is consistent with the level of laser radiation exposure in IEC 60825-1.

The laser classification procedure is closely related. Appendix B clarifies the meaning of contact levels.

Note 2.In reality, it takes 2 seconds or longer to fully align the auxiliary optical instruments with the beam (this may occur in unrestricted positions), and this delay is included in the determination.

In the method of contact level.

Level 1 access

In reasonably foreseeable events, assess the risk to personnel at accessible locations within the FSOCS according to the Level 1 exposure measurement conditions specified in Chapter 4.