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GB/T 47700-2026Blockchain and distributed ledger technology - Industry application - Guidelines for cross-border trade services (English PDF)

区块链和分布式记账技术　行业应用　跨境贸易服务指南

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

May 25, 2026

Implementation date

September 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 47700-2026 is the English-translated version of 区块链和分布式记账技术　行业应用　跨境贸易服务指南.

GB/T 47700-2026 is the Chinese national standard covering blockchain applied to cross-border trade - the documents that can be carried on a ledger, the parties and their roles, the interfaces to customs and to banks, and the legal weight an entry does and does not have. First edition, in force since 1 September 2026, one of the blockchain standards published together in this batch. It was issued on 25 May 2026 and has been in force since 1 September 2026, as a first edition. The document is under the responsibility of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. This page is published from the official record of the 2026 edition; the clause text of a standard this recent is not yet in circulation, and the figures, limits and tables it contains are those of the document itself, delivered in full with the English translation.

Document preview — GB/T 47700-2026

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 35.240
Classification: L 70

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

2 Normative references
5 Service Principles
6 Service Framework
7 Relevant Parties
8 Key Processes
8.1 Digital Identity Services
8.2 Electronic Business Services
8.3 Digital Document Service
8.4 Documentary Rights Certificate Services
8.5 Electronic Data Interchange Service
8.6 Regulatory Data Services
9 Blockchain Platforms

2 Normative references

This document has no normative references.

4.Abbreviations The following abbreviations apply to this document. URI. Uniform Resource Identifier

5 Service Principles

5.1 Traceability Principle Blockchain platforms provide services for digital identity, electronic business, digital documents, document rights certificates, and electronic data interchange. Key processes such as service provision and regulatory data services are made fully traceable.

5.2 Data Standardization Principles International trade documents conform to the requirements for trade document format and data item (data element) layout, and are prepared in accordance with GB/T 17699 (all parts). EDI message exchange.

5.3 Data Privacy and Security Principles Blockchain platforms ensure data privacy and the security of sensitive information storage, transmission, and application.

5.4 Principle of Regulatory Compliance The blockchain platform complies with relevant national policies and regulations, as well as international trade practices and rules. Its application architecture design includes provisions for regulatory functions and access control. To meet the regulatory requirements of regulatory agencies.

6 Service Framework

The blockchain-based cross-border trade service framework consists of three layers. stakeholders, key processes, and the blockchain platform (see Figure 1). Stakeholders include technology service providers, identity providers, service users, and service regulators. Key processes include digital identity services and electronic industries. Service functions, digital document services, document rights certificate services, electronic data interchange services, and regulatory data services. The blockchain platform includes a platform department. The service framework includes deployment, computing services, storage services, and communication services. Typical application scenarios are shown in Appendix A.

7 Relevant Parties

7.1 Technical Service Provider A technology service provider is an organization or institution that provides blockchain platform design, development, and operation and maintenance services. Its main activities should include.

a) Identify the relevant requirements for blockchain technology;

b) Design a reasonable and comprehensive blockchain technology requirement solution;

c) Design, develop, and maintain service components or smart contracts in a blockchain system;

d) Test and accept the relevant functions of the blockchain system;

e) Plan the proper implementation and deployment of blockchain services;

f) Provide full-process system maintenance services.

7.2 Identity Provider An identity provider is an organization or institution that provides identity services to parties involved in cross-border trade. Its main activities should include.

a) Identify the identity authentication and management needs of stakeholders in cross-border trade;

b) Design a reasonable and comprehensive cross-border trade identity authentication and management solution;

c) Implement and maintain the identity service system;

d) Issuing and managing digital certificates or identity-verifiable credentials;

e) Establish digital certificates or identity-verifiable credentials on the blockchain platform to verify smart contracts.

7.3 Service Users The service user is a cross-border trade organization or institution using the blockchain platform, whose main activities should include.

8.1 Digital Identity Services

8.1.1 Digital Identity Creation User-generated digital identities on blockchain platforms should meet the following requirements.

a) Generate public-private key pairs, digital identities, and documents through blockchain applications;

b) Submit the digital identity identifier and the corresponding digital identity identifier document URI to the blockchain platform;

c) Store the URI of the digital certificate or verifiable credential issued to the user by the identity provider in the digital identity document;

d) Store the user-signed digital certificate or verifiable credential URI in the digital identity document.

8.1.2 Creation of Authentication Smart Contracts Identity providers creating identity verification smart contracts on blockchain platforms should meet the following requirements.

a) Create verifiable identity credentials and verifiable identity expression verification smart contracts issued by the blockchain platform;

b) Create a smart contract in the blockchain platform that uses a digitally issued certificate to verify the contract.

8.1.3 Verifiable Credentials Service To provide verifiable credential services on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) The service user submits an application for verifiable identity credentials to the identity provider;

b) The identity provider issues verifiable identity credentials to the service user;

c) The identity provider sends the verifiable identity credentials and the address of the identity verification smart contract to the service user;

d) Service users store the verifiable credentials and the address of the identity verification smart contract in the identity document.

8.1.4 Digital Certificate Service When providing digital certificate services on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

8.2 Electronic Business Services

8.2.1 Issuance of Identity Declaration When relevant parties publish identity declarations on a blockchain platform, they should meet the following requirements.

a) Create an identity statement that includes its identifier, organization name, legal representative, seal, and other information;

b) Electronically sign the statement and store it in an identity document.

8.2.2 Electronic Business Agreement Signing When relevant parties and business partners sign electronic business agreements, the following requirements should be met.

a) Both parties shall jointly sign the agreed electronic business agreement using their respective digital identities. The agreement shall consist of the following parts. scope, communication and operation. Message processing, validity and enforceability, data content requirements, responsibilities and general terms;

b) Agree on the communication methods, security procedures, and storage formats for data to protect data and its records from accidental or misuse. Harmful effects include improper access, alteration, or loss.

8.2.3 Electronic Business System Setup When relevant parties configure electronic business systems in blockchain applications, they should meet the following requirements.

a) Exchange their respective identity tokens and identity token documents;

b) Verify the other party's identity on the blockchain platform, as well as the verifiable credentials and digital certificate in the identity document;

c) After verification, the electronic business system settings shall be carried out in the respective blockchain applications in accordance with the agreement.

8.3 Digital Document Service

8.3.1 Digital Document Creation When creating digital documents, relevant parties should meet the following requirements.

a) It conforms to international trade document standards, including its components, structural model, description rules, and methods;

b) It complies with international trade document electronic data interchange standards, including message structure, syntax rules and business information entity specifications.

8.3.2 Digital Document Signature When relevant parties sign digital documents, they should meet the following requirements.

a) Conforms to digital signature data formats, including basic data format, verification data format, signature policy format, etc.;

b) Supports separate signatures, inner-seal signatures, and cover signatures;

c) Supports digital identity digital signatures, self-signed digital certificate digital signatures, and third-party digital certificate signatures;

d) Support digital signature syntax and processing specifications for electronic data interchange of international trade documents.

8.3.3 Establishment of Smart Contracts for Digital Document Verification When relevant parties establish digital document verification smart contracts on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) Establish verification smart contracts for digital identity signatures;

b) Establish a verification smart contract for signing self-signed digital certificates;

c) Establish a smart contract for verifying digital certificates and digital signatures issued by third parties.

8.3.4 Digital Document Verification When relevant parties verify digital documents on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) The digital document verifier invokes the corresponding digital document verification smart contract and submits the digital document to be verified;

8.4 Documentary Rights Certificate Services

8.4.1 Issuance of Certified Equity Certificates When relevant parties create certificate-based rights certificates on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) Issuing document rights certificates corresponding to trade documents on a blockchain platform;

b) Submit digital documents to the blockchain platform and associate them with the document's rights certificate.

8.4.2 Establishment of Smart Contract for Verification of Documentary Rights Certificates When issuing a certificate of rights and interests, the issuer of the certificate of rights and interests establishes a smart contract for verification on a blockchain platform, it should meet the following requirements.

a) It has comprehensive functions for querying basic information such as metadata and transaction history;

b) It has the function of verifying ownership of the certificate of rights and interests.

8.4.3 Verification of Documentary Rights Certificates When relevant parties verify certificate rights on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) The document rights certificate verification side sends a verification request to the document rights certificate verification smart contract;

b) The document rights certificate verification smart contract verifies the submitted digital document and its associated document rights certificate according to pre-set rules. The verification process is completed, and the basic information of the legal rights certificate and the verification result are returned.

8.4.4 Circulation of Documentary Rights Certificates When relevant parties circulate single-certificate rights certificates on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) The owner of the certificate of rights securely and transparently transfers the certificate of rights to the recipient on the blockchain platform in accordance with the agreement;

b) The transfer of single-certificate rights certificates must be recorded on the blockchain platform.

8.5 Electronic Data Interchange Service

8.5.1 Syntax and Security Rules for Electronic Data Interchange Relevant parties transmit electronic data on the blockchain platform.

a) Comply with national electronic data interchange (EDI) syntax and security rules;

b) It should support secure exchange of data types such as batch and interactive messages, packets, and segment groups.

8.5.2 Encryption of Electronic Data When relevant parties encrypt electronic data on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) Supports the use of self-signed digital certificates or third-party signed digital certificates;

b) Use symmetric and asymmetric algorithms for key exchange;

c) Use symmetric algorithms to encrypt electronic data.

8.5.3 Establishment of Electronic Data Verification Smart Contracts When relevant parties establish electronic data verification smart contracts on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) Establish smart contracts for electronic data verification based on self-signed digital certificates within a blockchain platform;

b) Establish smart contracts for electronic data verification of digital certificates issued by third-party institutions on the blockchain platform.

8.5.4 Verification of Electronic Data When relevant parties verify data on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) The electronic data verification party invokes the corresponding electronic data verification smart contract and submits the data to be verified;

b) The electronic data verification smart contract performs electronic data verification operations and returns the verification results.

8.6 Regulatory Data Services

8.6.1 Registration of information on regulated entities When service regulators register information about regulated entities on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) Supports the registration of information for platform-based management objects, including blockchain, cross-border trade business systems, and trading platforms;

b) Support the registration of information for trading and service providers, including institutions and organizations involved in trade, finance, logistics, and services;

c) Supports the registration of information for resource-related management objects, including algorithms, rules, strategies, smart contracts, and data.

8.6.2 Deployment of Regulatory Nodes When service regulators deploy regulatory nodes on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) Supports real-time acquisition of data from the blockchain platform;

b) Support for penetrating supervision.

8.6.3 Regulatory Smart Contract Creation When regulatory authorities create regulatory smart contracts on a blockchain platform, the following requirements should be met.

a) Support one or more parties in creating regulatory smart contracts on a blockchain platform according to agreed algorithms, strategies, and rules;

b) Supports smart contract interfaces for data interaction with the International Trade Single Window, government and enterprise business systems.

9 Blockchain Platforms

9.1 Platform Deployment Service providers deploying blockchain platforms should ideally meet the following requirements.

a) Built using permissioned or permissionless blockchain technology, with the ability to interact across multiple blockchains;

b) Possesses complete blockchain infrastructure modules, including but not limited to smart contracts, consensus mechanisms, cryptographic algorithms, and blockchain networks;

c) Provide trusted, secure, and fully functional blockchain applications;

d) Supports data exchange with the National Trade Single Window, EDI system, and government and enterprise business systems;

e) Supports secure key generation and management services;

f) Supports multilingual, upgradeable, and scalable application services;

g) Possesses blockchain domain name resolution service capabilities, including the resolution of blockchain systems and identity identifiers;

h) Provide reasonable incentive mechanisms for all parties involved in cross-border trade.

9.2 Computing Services When relevant parties provide computing services based on a blockchain platform, they should meet the following requirements.

a) Supports access to computing services such as cloud computing, edge computing, and privacy computing;

b) Supports the deployment of smart contracts for managing and scheduling computing nodes and computing tasks;

c) Supports verification functions for calculation correctness and reliability.

9.3 Storage Service When relevant parties provide storage services based on a blockchain platform, they should meet the following requirements.

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 30 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 17699

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