Valid

GB/T 47253-2026Foundry machinery - Ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment - Safety technical specification (English PDF)

铸造机械　浇包、浇注机及相关设备　安全技术规范

Preview PDF

This is a limited preview

Buy now to download the full PDF (23 pages)

Need quotation for your management?

Get a formal quotation for GB/T 47253-2026 in 30 minutes.

Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

February 27, 2026

Implementation date

September 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 47253-2026 is the English-translated version of 铸造机械　浇包、浇注机及相关设备　安全技术规范.

GB/T 47253-2026 is the Chinese standard "Foundry machinery - Ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment - Safety technical specification".

Its scope clause reads: This document specifies the safety requirements and/or risk reduction measures and the information for use for ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment, and describes the corresponding verification methods.

This document lists examples of the significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A).

This document is applicable to the design, manufacture and acceptance of ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment. Note: The equipment to which this document applies includes ladles, pouring ring rails, ladle heaters, pouring machines and automatic transfer systems for molten metal.

Found what you need?

Document preview — GB/T 47253-2026

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 25.120.30
Classification: J 61

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Safety requirements and/or risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.2 General requirements
4.3 Requirements for specific equipment
5 Verification of safety requirements and/or risk reduction measures
5.1 Verification methods
5.2 Verification list
6 Information for use
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Signal and warning devices
6.3 Markings, signs (pictograms) and written warnings
6.4 Instructions for use
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards
Annex B (normative) Verification list
Bibliography

Foreword

This document was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.

This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Foundry Machinery Standardization (SAC/TC 186).

Drafting organizations of this document: Weihai Gongyou Foundry Machinery Co., Ltd., Shandong Jiechuang Machinery Co., Ltd., Qingdao Zhongzhida Environmental Protection Smelting Equipment Co., Ltd., Qingdao Kaijie Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd., Nan'an Zhongji Standardization Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xiamen Zhongji Xinzhi Testing Equipment Co., Ltd., Qingdao Beinuo Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Wanfeng Technology Development Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Kabo Copper Co., Ltd., Jinhua Haoxiang Auto Parts Co., Ltd., Shenyang Yate Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., China Automotive Industry Engineering Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Dongfang Zhonglian Industrial Technology Co., Ltd., Fujian Minxuan Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan Casting and Forging Institute Inspection and Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao Huihong Liangtai Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Jiangyin Foundry Equipment Factory Co., Ltd., Qingdao Qingli Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd., Baoding Weier Foundry Machinery Co., Ltd., Qingdao Antai Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd., Anhui Anhuang Machinery Co., Ltd., Zhongjiyan Standard Technology Research Institute (Beijing) Co., Ltd.

Introduction

According to the classification in GB/T 15706-2012, this document is a type-C standard.

This document is of particular relevance to the following stakeholders with regard to machinery safety:

- machine manufacturers;

- health and safety bodies.

Other stakeholders affected by the level of machinery safety are:

- machine owners;

- machine users;

- service providers.

All the above stakeholders may participate in the drafting of this document.

The machines concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.

When the requirements of this document differ from those stated in type-A or type-B standards, the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built in accordance with this document.

1 Scope

This document specifies the safety requirements and/or risk reduction measures and the information for use for ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment, and describes the corresponding verification methods.

This document is applicable to the design, manufacture and acceptance of ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment.

Note: The equipment to which this document applies includes ladles, pouring ring rails, ladle heaters, pouring machines and automatic transfer systems for molten metal.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable provisions of this document through normative references in the text. For dated references, only the edition corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB 2894 Safety colours and safety signs

GB/T 3766-2015 Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components

GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)

GB/T 5226.1-2019 Electrical safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements

GB/T 7932-2017 Pneumatic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components

GB/T 8196-2018 Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards

GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products

GB 12158 General guideline for preventing electrostatic accidents

GB/T 12265 Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body

GB/T 14776 Ergonomics - Dimensions of workplaces - Design principles and values

GB/T 15706-2012 Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction

GB/T 16754 Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design

GB/T 16855.1 Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design

GB/T 17888 (all parts) Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery

GB/T 18153-2024 Safety of machinery - Safety data for determining temperature limit values of touchable hot surfaces

GB/T 18209.1 Electrical safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signals

GB/T 18569.1 Safety of machinery - Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery - Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers

GB/T 18569.2-2020 Safety of machinery - Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery - Part 2: Methodology leading to verification procedures

GB/T 18717.1 Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery - Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole-body access into machinery

GB/T 18717.2 Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for partial-body access into machinery

GB/T 18831 Safety of machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design and selection

GB/T 19436.1-2013 Electrical safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment - Part 1: General requirements and tests

GB/T 19876 Safety of machinery - Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of parts of the human body

GB 20905 Foundry machinery - Safety requirements

GB/T 23821-2022 Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs

GB/T 25285.1 Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection - Part 1: Basic principles and methods

GB/T 25370 Foundry machinery - Terminology

GB/T 28780 Safety of machinery - Integral lighting of machines

GB/T 41349 Safety of machinery - Technical specification for emergency stop equipment

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15706-2012 and GB/T 25370 and the following apply.

3.1 risk

Combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm.

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.12]

3.2 hazard

Potential source of harm.

Note 1: A "hazard" is qualified by its origin (for example, mechanical hazard or electrical hazard) or by the nature of the potential harm (for example, electric shock hazard, cutting hazard, toxic hazard and fire hazard).

Note 2: The hazards in this definition include:

- hazards that are permanently present during the intended use of the machine (for example, motion of hazardous moving elements, electric arc during a welding process, unhealthy posture, noise emission, high temperature);

- hazards that appear unexpectedly (for example, explosion, crushing hazard as a consequence of unintended start-up, ejection as a consequence of breakage, fall as a consequence of acceleration/deceleration).

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.6]

3.3 significant hazard

Relevant hazard which has been identified and which requires the designer to take corresponding action, based on the risk evaluation, to eliminate or reduce the risk.

Note: This term is a basic term for type-B and type-C standards.

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.8, modified]

3.4 hazardous situation

Circumstance in which a person is exposed to at least one hazard.

Note: The exposure can result in harm to the person immediately or after a period of time.

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.10]

3.5 hazardous event

Event that can cause harm.

Note: A hazardous event can be of short duration or of long duration.

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.9, modified]

3.6 safeguard

Device fitted to a machine that has a safety protection function for persons.

Note: Includes:

- guards: physical barriers designed as part of the machine to provide protection, such as fixed guards and movable guards; depending on their construction, they may be called casings, covers, lids, screens, doors, fencing, etc.;

- protective devices: safeguards other than guards, such as interlocking devices, two-hand control devices and sensitive protective equipment.

3.7 pouring

Process of introducing a metered quantity of molten metal, after melting or refining, into a mould.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 2.73]

3.8 ladle

Vessel used for holding, treating, conveying and pouring molten metal.

Note 1: A ladle is usually made of welded steel plate and lined with refractory material; some ladles are also fitted with a lifting beam, a tilting mechanism or a stopper mechanism.

Note 2: Ladles usually exist in various types according to their use, pouring method and shape.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.3.1, modified]

3.9 stopper mechanism

Device that controls the raising and lowering of the stopper rod so as to open or close the pouring nozzle.

Note: The stopper rod is a rod-shaped component of refractory material used to close the bottom pouring nozzle of the ladle and to control the flow of molten metal.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.4.10]

3.10 tilting ladle

Ladle with a tilting mechanism that pours out molten metal by rotating the ladle body about a horizontal axis.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.3.8]

3.11 bottom pouring ladle

Ladle with the pouring nozzle located at the bottom, in which pouring is controlled by opening and closing a stopper mechanism or a sliding nozzle mechanism.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.3.9, modified]

3.12 transferring ladle

Ladle for transferring molten metal between the melting furnace and/or holding furnace and the pouring station.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.3.10]

3.13 refractory lining; ladle lining

Layer of refractory material laid or rammed on the inner wall of the ladle.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.3.20]

3.14 ladle heater

Device for baking the ladle lining by blowing a flame or radiating heat.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.5.11, modified]

3.15 pouring machine; pouring device

Machine or device that introduces a metered quantity of molten metal into a mould in accordance with process requirements.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.4.1]

3.16 tilting pouring machine

Pouring machine that pours by tilting the ladle.

Note: The tilting centre is usually located at the ladle lip or at the centre of gravity of the ladle.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.4.3, modified]

3.17 bottom pouring machine

Pouring machine that pours by bottom pouring.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.4.4, modified]

3.18 automatic transfer system for molten metal

Automatically operating system which, according to a set program, uses a transferring ladle to transfer molten metal along a predetermined path from the melting furnace or holding furnace to the molten metal treatment station and the slagging-off point and finally to the pouring position, where the molten metal is poured into the ladle of the pouring machine or the transferring ladle is conveyed directly onto the pouring machine, and which returns the empty transferring ladle.

Note 1: According to process requirements, the system can also carry out operations such as inoculation and/or spheroidizing treatment of the molten metal during operation.

Note 2: The system usually comprises: molten metal transfer car, transferring ladle, transfer track, molten metal treatment station, slagging-off platform, safety alarm facilities, etc.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.3.24, modified]

3.19 slagging-off

Operation of removing the slag from the surface of the molten iron in the ladle before the molten iron is poured into the mould cavity.

3.20 spheroidizing through wire feeding

Process in which the spheroidizing agent is made into cored wire and the alloy cored wire is continuously inserted by a wire feeder into the molten metal in the spheroidizing ladle, so as to carry out spheroidizing treatment of the molten metal.

Note 1: This operation is generally carried out during the automatic transfer of molten metal.

Note 2: The molten metal here usually means molten iron.

[Source: GB/T 25370-2020, 9.3.26, modified]

4 Safety requirements and/or risk reduction measures

4.1 General

4.1.1 The safety requirements of ladles, pouring machines and associated equipment (hereinafter referred to as "machines") shall comply with GB 20905 and this document.

4.1.2 For relevant hazards that are not significant and are not dealt with by this document, the machine shall be designed in accordance with the principles specified in GB/T 15706-2012.

4.1.3 The machine manufacturer shall carry out risk reduction in the order of the following three-step method to achieve machine safety:

a) by inherently safe design;

b) by safeguarding and/or complementary protective measures;

c) by information for use.

4.1.4 When designing and manufacturing the machine and providing the information for use of the machine, the manufacturer shall indicate the intended use of the machine, reasonably foreseeable misuse, and the risks to surrounding persons arising from the relevant activities throughout the entire life cycle of the machine.

Remaining clauses in the full document

4.2 General requirements
4.3 Requirements for specific equipment
5 Verification of safety requirements and/or risk reduction measures
6 Information for use
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards
Annex B (normative) Verification list
Bibliography

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 23 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T · GB/T

How to Download GB/T 47253-2026

1
Add to cart
Click "Download PDF" on this page and choose "Buy this standard". You can add more standards before checkout.
2
Checkout
Enter your email and billing details. Payment is processed securely by Stripe (cards or bank transfer). Prefer bank details? Request a quotation (min. order $300).
3
Instant delivery (0–9 sec)
Delivery is automatic: within seconds of payment you'll receive an email with a secure download link. The link stays valid for 72 hours.
4
Invoice included
A tax invoice is attached to the confirmation email. Need a custom invoice? Contact us.

Related Standards