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GB/T 47001-2025General specification for the digital identity and authentication of intelligent and connected vehicles (English PDF)

智能网联汽车数字身份及认证通用规范

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

December 31, 2025

Implementation date

July 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 47001-2025 is the English-translated version of 智能网联汽车数字身份及认证通用规范.

GB/T 47001-2025 sets the requirements for the digital identity of intelligent and connected vehicles, for the carrier that stores it and for identity authentication, and describes the corresponding test methods.

The digital identity is built from an OID code, the vehicle identification number, the vehicle type and the nature of the vehicle use.

Carriers are split into those without an external power supply, which follow GB/T 35789.1, and those with one, classified as Class I or Class II by signature and verification rates, encryption throughput, storage capacity, operating temperature, data retention and rewrite cycles, with information security assessed against GB/T 18336.3.

Authentication uses either a symmetric encryption algorithm or a digital signature mechanism, with registration identity, V2X enrolment and V2X pseudonym certificates. It was issued on 31 December 2025 and has applied since 1 July 2026.

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Document preview — GB/T 47001-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 43.020
Classification: T 04

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

Foreword3
1 Scope4
2 Normative References4
3 Terms and Definitions5
4 Abbreviations5
5 Digital Identity Encoding6
6 Carrier6
6.1 Without External Power Supply6
6.2 With External Power Supply6
7 Identity Authentication7
7.1 General Requirements7
7.2 Symmetric Encryption Algorithm-based Mechanism8
7.3 Digital Signature Technology-based Mechanism8
8 Test Methods8
8.1 Test Conditions8
8.2 Test Configuration9
8.3 Test without External Power Supply9
8.4 Test with External Power Supply9
Appendix A (normative) Digital Identity Encoding12
Appendix B (normative) Format of Registration Identity Certificate13
Appendix C (normative) Identity Authentication Process15
C.1 Identity Authentication Process Using a Registration Identity Certificate15
C.2 Identity Authentication Process Using a V2X Enrolment Certificate16
C.3 Identity Authentication Process Using a V2X Pseudonym Certificate18
Bibliography20

1 Scope

This document specifies the requirements for digital identity encoding, carrier and authentication of intelligent and connected vehicles, and describes the corresponding test methods.

This document applies to the design of digital identity authentication processes and the development and testing of the carrier of intelligent and connected vehicles.

2 Normative References

The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.

GB/T 2423.1 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test Methods - Tests A. Cold

GB/T 2423.2 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test Methods - Tests B. Dry Heat

GB/T 15843.3-2023 Information Technology - Security Techniques - Entity Authentication - Part 3: Mechanisms Using Digital Signature Techniques

GB 16735 Road Vehicle - Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

GB/T 17969.1 Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Procedures for the Operation of OSI Registration Authorities - Part 1: General Procedures and Top Arcs of the International Object Identifier Tree

GB/T 18336.3 Cybersecurity Technology - Evaluation Criteria for IT Security - Part 3: Security Assurance Components

GB/T 21085 Qualified Certificate of Vehicle

GB/T 32905 Information Security Techniques - SM3 Cryptographic Hash Algorithm

GB/T 32907 Information Security Technology - SM4 Block Cipher Algorithm

GB/T 32915 Information Security Technology - Randomness Test Methods for Binary Sequence

GB/T 32918.2 Information Security Technology - Public Key Cryptographic Algorithm SM2 Based on Elliptic Curves - Part 2: Digital Signature Algorithm

GB/T 35788 Security Technical Requirement for the Electronic Identification of Motor Vehicles

GB/T 35789.1 General Specification for the Electronic Identification of Motor Vehicles - Part 1: Automobile

GB/T 45112-2024 LTE-based Vehicular Communication - Technical Requirement of Security Certificate Management System

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.

3.1 Digital identity of intelligent and connected vehicle

A combination of numbers and letters that associate vehicle attribute information and uniquely identify a vehicle in an Internet of Vehicles application environment.

3.2 Carrier of digital identity

A chip or module used to store the digital identity, keys, digital certificates and vehicle attribute information of an intelligent and connected vehicle, possessing authorized access mechanisms and cryptographic operation functions.

3.3 Registration identity certificate

A digital certificate used to identify and prove the legitimacy of the digital identity of an intelligent and connected vehicle operating on the road.

3.4 V2X enrolment certificate

A digital certificate that is used to prove the legitimacy of an identity during the V2X pseudonym certificate application process.

3.5 V2X pseudonym certificate

A digital certificate that is used to prove the legitimacy of an identity during V2X communication and to anonymize the identity.

4 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are applicable to this document.

CA. Certificate Authority

EAL. Evaluation Assurance Level

GPIO. General-Purpose Input/Output

OBU. On Board Unit

OID. Object Identifier

USB. Universal Serial Bus

V2X. Vehicle to Everything

5 Digital Identity Encoding

The digital identity of intelligent and connected vehicles (hereinafter referred to as digital identity) consists of OID encoding, vehicle identification number, vehicle type, and vehicle usage nature. The encoding rules shall comply with the requirements of Appendix A.

6 Carrier

6.1 Without External Power Supply

It shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 35789.1.

6.2 With External Power Supply

6.2.1 Classification and basic requirements

6.2.1.1 In accordance with whether V2X communication applications are supported, it is classified into Class I and Class II.

6.2.1.2 Class I carriers shall meet the following requirements:

a) Support registration identity applications and more than two extended applications.

b) Digital signature count is greater than or equal to 100 times per second, and digital signature verification count is greater than or equal to 200 times per second.

c) Encryption/decryption throughput is greater than or equal to 8 Mbit/s.

d) Total storage capacity is greater than or equal to 512 kB. The capacity of the registration identity application storage area is greater than or equal to 128 kB, and the capacity of each extended application storage area is greater than or equal to 64 kB.

6.2.1.3 Class II carriers shall meet the following requirements:

a) Support registration identity applications, V2X communication applications, and at least one extended application.

b) Digital signature count is greater than or equal to 100 times per second, and digital signature verification count is greater than or equal to 2,500 times per second.

c) Encryption/decryption throughput is greater than or equal to 8 Mbit/s.

d) Total storage capacity is greater than or equal to 512 kB. The capacity of the registration identity application storage area is greater than or equal to 128 kB, the capacity of the V2X communication application storage area is greater than or equal to 128 kB, and the capacity of the extended application storage area is greater than or equal to 64 kB.

6.2.2 Physical properties

The following requirements shall be met:

a) Ambient operating temperature. -40 °C ~ 105 °C;

b) Data retention time is greater than or equal to 20 years;

c) Data erasure and rewrite cycles is greater than or equal to 10,000 times.

6.2.3 Information security

The following requirements shall be met:

a) Compliant with EAL4 or higher requirements of GB/T 18336.3;

b) Support cryptographic algorithms required by GB/T 32905, GB/T 32907 and GB/T 32918.2;

c) Support hardware-generated random numbers, and the generated random numbers shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 32915.

7 Identity Authentication

7.1 General Requirements

The following requirements shall be met:

a) The identity authentication between intelligent and connected vehicles and communication objects shall employ a symmetric encryption algorithm-based or digital signature technology-based mechanism; […]

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 20 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

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