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GB/T 46851-2025Intelligent ships - Technical requirements and test methods for collision avoidance systems (English PDF)

智能船舶　避碰系统技术要求及测试方法

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

December 31, 2025

Implementation date

July 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 46851-2025 is the English-translated version of 智能船舶　避碰系统技术要求及测试方法.

GB/T 46851-2025 is the Chinese standard "Intelligent ships - Technical requirements and test methods for collision avoidance systems". Its scope clause reads: This document specifies the structure, design requirements, functional and performance requirements, and testing methods for intelligent ship collision avoidance systems.

This document applies to the design and testing of intelligent ship collision avoidance systems in open waters. Its clauses include terms and definitions.

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Document preview — GB/T 46851-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 47.020.99
Classification: U 07

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

Preface
1.Scope
2 Normative References
3.Terms and Definitions
4.Abbreviations
5.Collision Avoidance System Structure
5.1 System Composition
5.2 System Inputs and Outputs
6 Design Requirements
6.1 Design Scope
6.2 Collision Avoidance System Operating Status
7.Functional and Performance Requirements 6.
7.1 Situation Assessment
7.2 Design Operating Range Monitoring
7.3 Local Path Planning
7.4 Degradation Measures Generation
7.5 External Display
7.6 Alarm Prompt
7.7 Data Storage
7.8 Path Control Output
8.Test Methods
8.1 Test Requirements
8.2 Single-ship scenario test
8.3 Multi-ship scenario test
8.4 Design Operating Range Test
Appendix A (Informative) A Quantitative Method for Ship Collision Risk Level in Starboard Cross Encounter Situations
Appendix B (Informative) Example 16 of the Safe Encounter Distance Database
Appendix C (Informative) Example 19 of Encounter Situation Classification
Appendix D (Informative) Test Scenario Library Example

1 Scope

This document specifies the structure, design requirements, functional and performance requirements, and testing methods for intelligent ship collision avoidance systems.

This document applies to the design and testing of intelligent ship collision avoidance systems in open waters.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.

For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.

This document.

GB/T 11711 Performance requirements, test methods and test results for marine automatic radar plotting apparatus (ARPA).

GB/T 27889-2023 Terminology, Abbreviations, Graphic Symbols and Concepts for Ship and Maritime Technical Navigation

GB/T 43942 Risk Assessment Methods for Intelligent Ships

IEC 61996-1 Marine navigation and radio communication equipment and systems - Shipborne voyage data recorder (VDR) - Part 1.Performance

Colisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs)

3 Terms and Definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 11711, GB/T 27889-2023, and GB/T 43942, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.

3.1 open water

Waters whose depth and extent do not impose any restrictions on the collision avoidance actions that a vessel intends to take.

Note. In this document, the longitudinal range of the water area is a value associated with the ship's stroke, and the lateral range is a value associated with the turning circle.

3.2 operator

Personnel operating the collision avoidance system.

3.3

It processes and analyzes relevant perception information acquired from sensors and navigation information services in real time, plans safe and compliant local paths, and sends them out.

A system that controls a vessel to avoid all obstructions to navigation.

3.4 ownvessel

Intelligent ships equipped with collision avoidance systems.

3.5 target vessel

Other vessels besides our own in the test scenario.

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 14 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

IEC 61996

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