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GB/T 45859-2025Abrasion-resistant cast irons - Classification (English PDF)

耐磨铸铁分类

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Issued by

State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration of China

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

August 1, 2025

Implementation date

February 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 45859-2025 is the English-translated version of 耐磨铸铁分类.

GB/T 45859-2025 is the Chinese national standard that classifies wear-resistant white cast irons and sets what a buyer and a foundry have to agree on.

It lists the grades and sets the ordering information, manufacturing and technical requirements, sampling, test methods and retesting rules, covering pearlitic white iron, nickel-chromium irons with a martensitic matrix and M3C or M7C3 carbides such as Ni4Cr2 and Cr9Ni5, and high-chromium irons with 11% to 40% chromium.

Composition is checked by the GB/T 223 methods and hardness by GB/T 231.1, and informative annexes give heat treatment, hardness conversions and typical microstructures.

Foundries and buyers of wear parts and liners use it to order and verify material. Modified from ISO 21988:2006, it was issued on 1 August 2025 and has applied since 1 February 2026.

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Document preview — GB/T 45859-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 77.140.80
Classification: J 31

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration of China

Preface
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Brand
5 Ordering Requirements
6 Manufacturing
7 Technical Requirements
8 Sampling
9 Test Method
10 Retest
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison table of structure numbers between this document and ISO 21988:2006
Appendix B (Informative) List of technical differences between this document and ISO 21988:2006 and their causes
Appendix C (Informative) Heat Treatment
Appendix D (Informative) Relationship between the wall thickness and chemical composition of nickel-chromium cast iron castings
Appendix E (Informative) Conversion between Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness and Rockwell hardness
Appendix F (Informative) Typical Structure of Wear-Resistant Cast Iron
Appendix G (Informative) Comparison table of cast iron grades in this document and other standard grades
Reference

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1: Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting.

This document is modified to adopt ISO 21988:2006 "Classification of wear-resistant cast irons".

Compared with ISO 21988:2006, this document has more structural adjustments. The structural number changes between the two documents are shown in the table below. See Appendix A for the table. This document has many technical differences compared to ISO 21988:2006.

A list of these technical differences and their reasons is given in Appendix B. The following editorial changes have been made to this document.

--- Replaced ISO /T R15931 with the informative reference GB/T 5612.

1 Scope

This document specifies the grades, ordering requirements, manufacturing, technical requirements, sampling, and describes the test methods and retesting of wear-resistant white cast iron.

This document applies to the manufacture of wear-resistant white cast iron.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.

For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to This document.

GB/T 223.11 Determination of chromium content in steel and alloys - Visual titration or potentiometric titration method

GB/T 223.18 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys - Sodium thiosulfate separation-iodine titration method for the determination of copper content

GB/T 223.23 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of nickel content - Dimethylglyoxime spectrophotometric method

GB/T 223.26 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of molybdenum content - Thiocyanate spectrophotometric method

GB/T 223.59 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of phosphorus content - Bismuth phosphomolybdenum blue spectrophotometric method and antimony phosphomolybdenum blue spectrophotometric method

GB/T 223.60 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of silicon content - Gravimetric method

GB/T 223.63 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of manganese content - Sodium (potassium) periodate spectrophotometric method

GB/T 223.72 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of sulfur content - Gravimetric method

GB/T 223.86 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of total carbon content - Infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace

GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method (GB/T 231.1-2018, ISO 6506-1. 2014, MOD)

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document.

3.1 Cast iron with pearlite as matrix and containing eutectic metal carbides

3.2 Nickel-chromiumabrasion-resistantcastiron

Cast iron containing one of the following two structures.

--- Mainly martensitic matrix, containing a single eutectic carbide M3C (M is Fe, Cr), such as Ni4Cr2 cast iron;

---Mainly a martensitic matrix containing complex eutectic carbides (M7C3 and M3C), such as Cr9Ni5 cast iron.

Note 1. The matrix of these two materials may contain small amounts of bainite and retained austenite.

Note 2. The matrix of these two materials does not contain pearlite.

3.3

The Cr content is 11%~40%, and the matrix structure is mainly hardened martensite, containing complex carbides, and the matrix may also contain a small amount of austenite.

Cast iron that is a transformation product of iron or austenite.

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 37 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

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