GB/T 38440-2019Test method for the penetration strength of cast iron (English PDF)
铸铁楔压强度试验方法
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Issued by
SAMR; SAC
Level / Type
National · Recommended
Issue date
December 31, 2019
Implementation date
July 1, 2020
Scope
GB/T 38440-2019 is the English-translated version of 铸铁楔压强度试验方法.
China's national test method for the penetration strength of cast iron. Penetration in this context is a casting defect: molten iron forces its way into the spaces between the sand grains of the mould, and when the casting is shaken out its surface is a mixture of metal and sand that cannot be cleaned off without grinding.
It is one of the most common and most expensive surface defects in iron founding, because a casting that has it must be dressed by hand or scrapped.
Whether it happens depends on the metallostatic pressure, the pouring temperature and the sand - specifically on how tightly packed the sand is and how well its binder holds the grains together at the temperature the metal brings.
A test that measures a sand's resistance to penetration therefore lets a foundry evaluate its mould material against the castings it makes, rather than discovering the answer on the shakeout.
Found what you need?
Document preview — GB/T 38440-2019
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
- ICS
- 77.040.10
- Classification
- J31
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC
Contents
- Foreword ..........................................................................................................3
- 1 Scope ............................................................................................................4
- 2 Normative references ....................................................................................4
- 3 Principle ........................................................................................................4
- 4 Sample ..........................................................................................................5
- 5 Instruments and apparatuses........................................................................6
- 6 Test conditions ..............................................................................................7
- 7 Test procedure ..............................................................................................7
- 8 Test data processing .....................................................................................8
- 8 Appendix A (Informative) Conversion relationship between penetration strength and tensile strength........................................................................................10
Foreword
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS
Test method for penetration strength of cast iron
Test method for penetration strength of cast iron 1 Scope
This Standard specifies the penetration strength test principle, samples, equipment, test conditions, test procedures, test data processing and test reports for gray cast iron materials and vermicular graphite cast iron materials whose designations are RuT400 ~ RuT500. This Standard applies to the penetration strength test of gray cast iron materials and vermicular graphite cast iron materials whose designations are RuT400 ~ RuT500. Other brittle materials can be carried out by reference to this Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values
GB/T 16825.1, Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system
3 Principle
5.1.1 The penetration strength test can use a universal testing machine + penetration strength test device, or a special penetration strength testing machine.
5.1.2 The accuracy of the testing machine shall be level 1 or better; it shall be tested in accordance with GB/T 16825.1.
5.1.3 The hardness of the upper and lower pressing plates of the universal testing machine shall not be less than 55 HRC.
5 Instruments and apparatuses........................................................................
5.2 Penetration strength test device
5.2.1 The material of the wedge shall be tool steel; the hardness range shall be (62 ± 2) HRC.
5.2.2 The wedge angle shall be (90 ± 0.5) °; the fillet radius of the wedge blade shall be
0.15 mm ~
0.2 mm; the length of the wedge blade shall be greater than 40 mm. The parallelism of the upper and lower wedge blades in the horizontal and vertical directions shall not be less than 1/0.002 5.
5.2.3 There shall be a sample positioning device.
6 Test conditions 6.1 General requirements
The test bench shall be clean; the sample shall be firmly placed on the test bench to ensure that the sample does not move during the test. During the entire test period, the testing machine shall not be subjected to shocks and vibrations that affect the test results.
6.2 Test temperature The test is generally carried out in the room temperature range of 10 °C ~ 35 °C. Other specific test temperatures shall be negotiated by the buyer and the supplier.
6.3 Test rate Control the test rate within the range of 2 N/(mm 2·s) ~ 10 N/(mm 2·s).
......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 14 pages — is available in the English PDF.
Referenced standards
Normative references
- GB/T 8170Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of limiting values
- GB/T 16825.1Metallic materials - Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
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Related Standards
GB/T 16825.1-2022 — Metallic materials - Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
GB/T 8170-2008 — Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of limiting values
GB/T 7251.4-2026 — Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 4: Particular requirements for assemblies for construction sites (ACS)
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