GB/T 37460-2019Amber - Testing and classification (English PDF)

Foreword

This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Jewelry Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC298). This standard was drafted. National Gold and Silver Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Shanghai), National Jewelry Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China Jewelry Jade Jewelry Industry Association Amber Branch, Shenzhen Songgang Amber Trading Market Co., Ltd., Tengchong Amber Association, Fushun Amber Research Research institute. The main drafters of this standard. Tu Cai, Tang Hongyun, Li Haibo, Zhang Wei, Yu Chunmin, Xie Qiyao, Ke Jie, Chen Dingzhen, Zhao Bowen, Su Shi, Chen Xiaoming, Ma Yangwei, Lu Xiaoyu, Qian Weiji, Xie Qingwei, Kong Fanli, Tan Jun, Liu Changjun, Chen Guang, Hong Gongliang, Fan Yong. Amber identification and classification

1 Scope

China's national standard for testing and classifying amber. It specifies the terms and definitions, the identification methods, the identifying features, the classification method, and the naming rules and their representation. Amber is fossilised tree resin, tens of millions of years old, and it is the gem material most easily and most often imitated - because it is soft, warm to the touch, and light, and so are several plastics. The identification problem has three layers. Distinguishing amber from copal, which is the same material insufficiently fossilised, matters because copal is worth a fraction as much and looks identical. Distinguishing natural amber from the reconstituted kind, pressed from small fragments under heat, matters commercially and is harder. And distinguishing both from phenolic resin, polyester and glass requires instrumental work. The classification and naming rules then govern what may be sold as what, which is where a standard turns identification into consumer protection.

This standard specifies the terms and definitions of amber, identification methods, identification features, classification methods, naming rules and representation methods. This standard applies to the identification and classification of amber.

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article. Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 16552 Jewelry and Jade Name

GB/T 16553 Jewelry and Jade Identification

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 16552 and GB/T 16553 apply to this document.

3.1 Natural resin naturalresin Un Petrochemical, Semi-Petrified, and Petrochemical Solid Organics formed from natural plant exudates.

Note. Natural resins include unpecochemical resins, semi-Petrified resins and petrochemical resins.

3.2 Un Petrochemical resin non-fossilresin A natural resin secreted by natural plants without geological effects.

3.3 Semi-Petrified Resin Subfossilresin Naturally secreted by natural plants, buried underground by geological processes, containing more unsaturated volatiles, less natural physicochemical stability Resin.

Note. Semi-Petrified Resin is also known as Copalresin.

3.4 Petrochemical resin fossilresin It is secreted by natural plants and buried underground in the geological process to complete molecular polymerization. The unsaturated volatiles evaporate more completely and are physically and chemically stable. A qualitatively strong natural resin.

3.5 Amber amber Resin stone secreted by plants such as the cedar tree (Pinaceae, Cypress, Cedaraceae, Araucaria) and the dicotyledonous plant It is made of petrochemical resin which is beautiful, durable and rare, and can be processed into jewelry.

3.6 Reconstructed amber reconstructedamber A piece of amber or crumb as the main material, which is artificially pressed (with a small amount of cemented material), and has an overall appearance. gem.