GB/T 33715-2025Nanotechnologies - Health and safety practices in occupational settings (English PDF)

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".

Drafting.

This document supersedes GB/T 33715-2017 "Guidelines for Occupational Health and Safety in Nanotechnology Workplaces". (The document is consistent with GB/T 33715-...) Compared to 2017, the main technological changes are as follows.

a) Added "abbreviations" (see Chapter 4);

b) Added "Manufacturing of nanomaterials" (see 5.1);

c) Section 5.1.1 "Carbon-containing nanomaterials" has been deleted (see 5.1.1 in the 2017 version);

d) An "Overview" section has been added (see 7.1);

e) A new exposure route, "injection/parenteral route," has been added (see 7.2.1);

f) An overview and related updates have been added (see 7.3.1);

g) Added "Dust Assessment," "Dose Assessment (Internal Exposure)," "Discussion," and "Summary" (see 7.4, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8);

h) Added content such as "Challenges in establishing and implementing NOAA's specific OELs" (see 8.2.2);

i) Added content such as "Release Scenario" and "Release Recognition" (see 8.2.5);

j) Added content such as "Control Strategy" (see 9.2.2);

k) Added "Ventilation and General Methods" and "Personal Breathing Zone Sampling. Statistical" (see 9.3.5.2, 9.3.7.3).

This document is equivalent to ISO/T R12885.2018 "Occupational health and safety guidelines for nanotechnology workplaces", and the document type is changed from [previous document type].

ISO technical reports have been adapted into my country's national standards.

Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.

This document was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Nanotechnology (SAC/TC279).

Introduction

The rapid development of nanotechnology has impacted all aspects of global industry and social life. It has contributed to economic development and improved living standards.

The international standardization of nanotechnology contributes to promoting human progress and sustainable development by improving and protecting public health and the environment.

Many new nanomaterials will enter the market and workplaces. These new materials will pose potential occupational safety and health risks to workers in related fields.

Risks. This document summarizes practical information on occupational safety and health regulations related to nanotechnology. Using the information in this document can help...

Helping companies, researchers, workers, and others prevent the production, handling, use, and removal of man-made nanoobjects and their aggregations larger than 100 nm.

Potential health and safety risks during the process of forming bodies and aggregates (NOAA).

This document is based on existing nanotechnology information, including characterization, health effects, exposure assessment, and control measures. As technology advances...

As knowledge and experience grow and develop throughout the process, this document will be revised and updated, and new safety standards will be established.

Nanotechnology involves materials at the nanoscale. "Nanoscale" refers to dimensions ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm (ISO/TC).

80004-1.2015)[1]. The following data can help to understand this scale. the diameter of a human hair is 10,000 nm to 100,000 nm, and a single Red blood cells are approximately 5000 nm in diameter, viruses are typically 10 nm to 100 nm in size, and a single DNA molecule is approximately 2 nm in diameter.

The term "nanotechnology" can be misleading because it is not a single technology or scientific discipline. Nanotechnology encompasses physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, and...

The complex combination of electronic processes, materials, applications, and concepts defines the key characteristic as size.

Nanomaterials possess unique physicochemical properties and hold promise for advancing numerous fields, including computing, biomedicine, and energy.

In its early stages, the potential applications of nanomaterials seemed to remain merely in the imagination. Typically, new companies related to this field spun off from university research departments, and...

There is no shortage of investors who support their ideas and products. Many new materials have been discovered and produced, some of which are claimed to have very...

Amazing properties, performance, and applications.

While much of the current hype is highly speculative, there is no doubt that governments and major industrial companies worldwide are investing heavily.

The source is used for the development and research of nanoscale processes, materials and products.

When common materials such as carbon and silicon are shrunk to the nanoscale, they often exhibit novel and unexpected properties, such as excellent strength and chemical properties.

Nanomaterials possess chemical activity, electrical conductivity, and properties not found at microscopic or macroscopic scales. A large number of nanomaterials have been produced, including nanotubes, Nanowires and fullerene derivatives (buckyballs).

In the 19th and 20th centuries, the term "nanotechnology" was not yet known, but some artificial nanomaterials had already been developed.

Rice materials include zeolites, catalyst supports (such as MgCl2), pigments, and active fillers (such as carbon black and synthetic amorphous silica), and their commercial products...

The market size for materials in 2018 was well over $1 billion or 1 million tons.

Nanotechnology is finding new commercial applications. Nanomaterials are currently used in electronics, magnetism and optoelectronics, biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

The fields of pharmaceuticals, energy, catalysis, and materials are all involved. The highest-revenue areas for nanomaterials are chemical mechanical polishing, magnetic tapes, sunscreens, and automotive catalyst carriers.

Body, conductive coating and optical fiber.

Because the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials are influenced by multiple factors and vary greatly, it is currently difficult for us to accurately determine their properties.

Accurately predicting the health impact of exposure to specific nanomaterials on workers is challenging. Furthermore, sufficient information regarding workplace exposure is not always available.

Furthermore, our ability to measure nanomaterials in the workplace (or larger areas) is also limited by current technological capabilities. Overall, even for...

Toxicological and epidemiological data for certain specific nanostructured materials (such as carbon black and synthetic amorphous silica) are known, but currently...

Our understanding of the chronic health effects of nanomaterials remains limited.

NOAAs belong to a category of nanomaterials. Because they can disperse in the air in the workplace and cause health problems through inhalation and exposure...

The risk of infection is a major concern, hence the particular attention it attracts. NOAA contains one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional nanostructures with external dimensions ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm.

These structures can be primarily composed of spheres, fibers, tubes, and sheets. NOAA can consist of individual primary structures at the nanoscale and those larger than [the original text is missing here, likely due to an error in the original source].

It consists of aggregated or clustered structures of 100 nm. Aggregates are new particles composed of strongly bound or fused particles. Clusters are weakly bundled...

An accumulation, aggregate, or mixture of bound particles.

Current knowledge in nanoscience falls short in identifying, characterizing, and assessing potential occupational exposures. These knowledge gaps can be addressed through the problem has been perfectly solved through the intersection of multiple disciplines. In this rapidly developing field, occupational health practitioners, scientists, and toxicology practitioners...

(Including medical scientists and environmental scientists) play a vital role in protecting public health. Furthermore, in order to achieve this within a reasonable timeframe...

To obtain the critical information needed domestically, collaborative research (especially international collaboration) is essential.

Nanotechnology Workplace Health and Safety Guidelines

1 Scope

This document provides health and safety guidelines for workplaces related to nanotechnology. This document focuses on man-made nanomaterials and their sizes.

Professional manufacturing and application areas of 100nm aggregates and agglomerates (NOAA). While some information in this document may differ from natural processes...

NOAA incidental emissions during processes, thermal processes, and other standard operating procedures may also be related to potential consumer exposure and use, but this...

The document does not cover health and safety issues and guidelines in these areas.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.

For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.

This document.

ISO/T S80004 (All Parts) Nanotechnology Terminology (Vocabularly) Note. GB/T 30544 (all parts) Nanotechnology Terminology [ISO/T S80004 (all parts)]

3 Terms and Definitions

The terms and definitions defined in ISO/T S80004 (all parts) apply to this document.

4 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations apply to this document.

Hygie-nists

APR. Air-purifying respirator BET. Brunauer-Emmett-Teler BMD. Benchmark dose CNF. Carbon nanofiber CNT. Carbon nanotube DC. Unipolar Coronavirus Discharger