GB/T 21709.4-2008Standardized manipulations of acupuncture and moxibustion - Part 4: Three-edged needle (English PDF)

Foreword

GB/T 21709.4-2008 was issued on 23 April 2008 by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China and the Standardization Administration of China, and came into force on 1 July 2008. It is classified under ICS 11.020 and Chinese Standard Classification code C 05. It does not replace an earlier edition.

GB/T 21709, Standardized manipulations of acupuncture and moxibustion, is divided into 21 parts: Part 1: Moxibustion; Part 2: Scalp acupuncture; Part 3: Ear acupuncture; Part 4: Three-edged needle; Part 5: Cupping; Part 6: Acupoint injection; Part 7: Dermal needle; Part 8: Intradermal needle; Part 9: Acupoint application; Part 10: Acupoint catgut embedding; Part 11: Electroacupuncture; Part 12: Fire needling; Part 13: Long needle; Part 14: Dichen needle; Part 15: Eye acupuncture; Part 16: Nose acupuncture; Part 17: Oral and lip acupuncture; Part 18: Abdominal acupuncture; Part 19: Wrist-ankle acupuncture; Part 20: Basic needling techniques of the filiform needle; Part 21: Manipulation techniques of the filiform needle. This document is Part 4 of GB/T 21709.

Annex A of this part is an informative annex.

This part was proposed by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and is under the jurisdiction of the China Association of Acupuncture-Moxibustion.

The organisation responsible for drafting this part is Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The participating drafting organisations are Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.

The main drafters of this part are: Guo Yi, Chen Zelin, Li Guilan, Pei Jingchun and Liu Qingguo.

The participating drafters of this part are: Meng Xiangwen, Wang Wei, Guo Yongming, Lu Tong, Wang Licun, Ren Xiujun, Bu Jingzhi, Wang Xiuyun, Zhou Zhiliang, Tu Ya, Che Yongzhe, Ding Jing and Chen Shuangbai.

1 Scope

The three-edged needle is the one acupuncture instrument designed to draw blood rather than avoid it. Its triangular, sharpened shaft opens a superficial vessel deliberately, and the therapeutic intent - relieving heat, stasis or swelling - depends on releasing a controlled quantity of blood at a chosen point. That is exactly what makes the technique risky in untrained hands. Depth and angle decide whether a collateral or an artery is opened; the volume released decides whether the patient walks out or faints; an unsterilised shaft or an unwashed hand turns a therapeutic puncture into an inoculation, and the practitioner's own exposure to the patient's blood is a second hazard running the other way. Before this part of GB/T 21709 there was no single written account of how the four recognised manipulations - pricking, collateral puncturing, scattered needling and piercing - should actually be performed, what counts as a small or a large bleed, or which patients must never be treated at all. It sets out the terminology, the step-by-step procedure and its requirements, the precautions and the contraindications, so that the same words describe the same act in every clinic.

This part of GB/T 21709 specifies the terms and definitions, the operating procedures and requirements, the precautions and the contraindications for the three-edged needle.

This part applies to the technical manipulation of the three-edged needle.

2 Normative references

The provisions in the following document become provisions of this part of GB/T 21709 through reference in this part. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply to this part; however, parties to agreements based on this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of these documents. For undated references, the latest edition applies.

GB/T 21709.5, Standardized manipulations of acupuncture and moxibustion - Part 5: Cupping.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this part of GB/T 21709.

5 Precautions

5.1 Infection shall be prevented at the site of operation.

5.2 The technique shall be used with caution in pregnant women and in women after childbirth. Pricking is not advisable when the patient is mentally tense, sweating heavily or hungry.

5.3 Attention shall be paid to changes in blood pressure and heart rate, and to the occurrence of fainting during needling or fainting at the sight of blood.

5.4 Large arteries shall not be injured.

5.5 When the quantity of blood released is fairly large, the patient should rest for an appropriate time before leaving. The practitioner shall avoid contact with the blood released by the patient.

6 Contraindications

6.1 The technique is contraindicated in patients with disorders of the coagulation mechanism.

6.2 Pricking is contraindicated at the site of a haemangioma and at the site of a lump of unknown cause.

A Annex A (informative) Measurement of the quantity of blood released in three-edged needle therapy

A.1 Trace quantity: the quantity of blood released is below 1.0 mL (1.0 mL included).

A.2 Small quantity: the quantity of blood released is from 1.1 mL to 5.0 mL (5.0 mL included).

A.3 Moderate quantity: the quantity of blood released is from 5.1 mL to 10.0 mL (10.0 mL included).

A.4 Large quantity: the quantity of blood released is above 10.0 mL.